Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin found in cereal grains and cereal-based foods. DON concentrations in finished products are reduced under some processing conditions, but not others. DON concentrations in flour, wheat and selected foods made from them under commercially relevant conditions were compared by GC with electron capture detection. Average concentrations (n = 9/item) in cookies, cra...

For convenience, let us rewrite v(x,y) as a function of three parameters v(dc,don, p): the compressed discontinuity dc, the oriented normalized discontinuity don, and the relative coordinates of the screen-space pixel in the projected light space p. For the parameters dc and p, the description given in the Section 3.1 of the paper is sufficient for this supplementary document. However, we need ...

using the mean-value theorem for integrals we tried to solved the nonlinear integral equations of hammerstein type . the mean approach is to obtain an initial guess with unknown coefficients for unknown function y(x). the procedure of this method is so fast and don't need high cpu and complicated programming. the advantages of this method are that we can applied for those integral equation...

Fusarium species infestations of cereals crops occur worldwide. Fusarium toxins such as, deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) have been shown to cause diverse toxic effects in animals and also suspected of disease causation in humans. From the literature and mechanistic point of view, DON binds to the ribosomal peptidyl-transferase and inhibits protein synthesis specif...

first method, samples are collected and the concentration of DON or individual DON components are monitored over time. To measure DON flux rates using 15N tracer techniques. all of the DIN forms (N~ + , NO3 -.and NO2 -) must be removed, and the DON pool must be isolated with a high efficiency. At present. there are three basic approaches used to isolate DON-wet chemistry, ion retardation, and d...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a potent mycotoxin and virulence factor produced by Fusarium graminearum. We examined the expression of the core DON biosynthetic gene Tri5 during wheat head infection of susceptible and resistant cultivars and susceptible cultivars treated with strobilurin fungicides (e.g., azoxystrobin). DON was quantified to correlate expression with toxin accumulation. The highest Tr...

As Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, Dr. Vannevar Bush has coordinated the activities of some six thousand leading American scientists in the application of science to warfare. In this significant article he holds up an incentive for scientists when the fighting has ceased. He urges that men of science should then turn to the massive task of making more accessible o...

The occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in retail foods in Tehran (Iran) was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography technique and immunoaffinity column as the clean-up step. A method was validated for analysis of DON in rice, bread, puffed corn snack and wheat flour. The average recoveries and precision (RSD) for DON in different foods ranged 84.2-93.1% and 2.9-12.0%, respective...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Both deoxynivalenol (DON) and nontyphoidal salmonellosis are emerging threats with possible hazardous effects on both human and animal health. The objective of this study was to examine whether DON at low but relevant concentrations interacts with the intestinal inflammation induced by Salmonella Typhimurium. METHODOLOGY By using a porcine intestinal ileal loop model, we i...