•Decarbonizing the industrial sector is a key part of economy-wide decarbonization•Decarbonizing process heat alone can mitigate about fifth global CO2 emissions•Cross-cutting R&D that decarbonize identified Industry often termed “hard to decarbonize” because vast, inhomogeneous array processes comprise sector. Nevertheless, decarbonization crucial addressing emissions. In 2010, full 13.1 gigat...

Quantum error correction requires encoding quantum information into a quantum error correction code and measuring error syndromes to detect and identify possible errors. Quantum fault tolerance typically assumes that syndrome measurements are applied after every logical gate at great expense both in time and number of qubits. Here we demonstrate that not only is this not necessary, but that we ...

Hardly a day passes without reports of new threats in or about the Internet. Denial of service, worms, viruses, spam, and divulged credit card information highlight the major security threats. At the same time, we are bombarded by reports that privacy is at the greatest risk of all time, caused by the massive ability to store and search information and to trace activities across the Internet. I...

We present a global conservation analysis for an entire "flagship" taxon, land mammals. A combination of rarity, anthropogenic impacts, and political endemism has put about a quarter of terrestrial mammal species, and a larger fraction of their populations, at risk of extinction. A new global database and complementarity analysis for selecting priority areas for conservation shows that approxim...

? must we shut them away? Dr. Norman Capstick outlines a scheme which would save many old people from the isolation of an institution, but still enable them to receive the care and treatment that they need The aim of keeping old people in the community is partly to avoid resignation to an institutional life, with its loss of independence, and also because a hospital is essentially a therapeutic...

"^"^ Then today's students complete %/%/ their schooling, many of them T T will be functionally illiterate, unprepared to participate in or guide our scienceand technology-oriented soci ety. This situation, though bleak, is hardly surprising. More than 200 national reports on science education have described the current curriculum as obsolete. "In a great many cases, precollege education in the...

From the endlessly quotable Ted Nelson—whose neologisms pepper the language we use to understand the present, from “hypertext” to “visualization”—perhaps no phrase is better known than, “You Can and Must Understand Computers NOW.” It was emblazoned across the Computer Lib side of his 1974 Computer Lib/Dream Machines ( CL/DM ), the most infl uential book in the history of computational media. 1 ...