background: spinal dural avf is the most common type of spinal vascular malformation. however, presenting symptoms differ according to site of spinal involvement. this study described a case of arteriovenous malformation with paraparesis and incontinence. case presentation: diagnosis of patient was confirmed by clinical and imaging examination using magnetic resonance image and ruling out other...

introduction: amodiaquine is a partner drug in the artemisinin-based combination therapy artesunate-amodiaquine. reports of the adverse drug reaction known as amodiaquine-associated asthenia are scarce, and this adverse reaction needs to be investigated in detail. this article presents and reviews a case of amodiaquine-associated asthenia. a literature search for the characteristics of this adv...

abstract parathyroid adenoma is a benign tumor of the parathyroid glands. the cause of most parathyroid adenomas is unknown. parathyroid adenoma increases the secretion of parathyroid hormone and results in primary hyperparathyroidism. high amounts of parathyroid hormone in the blood cause the imbalance of calcium, which leads to various complications such as kidney stones, depression, lethargy...