We present a theory of object-orientation on the basis of the re-nement calculus. This theory allows for specifying the behaviour of objects and provides a calculus for the proof of relationships between classes such as reenement. Given two similar, but not identical classes, we present an algorithm to construct a common superclass which is reened by both classes, and an algorithm to construct ...

This paper describes how object-oriented software construction principles allow to develop extensible and reusable building blocks for the development of data flow based visual languages. First we’ll present the data flow visual language ProtoHyperflow whose object-oriented realization is discussed in the second part of the paper.

Reactive and biased human decision-making during well construction operations can result in problems ranging from minor inefficiencies to events that have far-reaching negative consequences for safety, environmental compliance cost. A system automatically generate an optimal action sequence any given state meet operation’s objectives is therefore highly desirable. Moreover, intelligent agent ca...

In this study, the effects of cohesiveness soil in area where foundation will be built, and earthquake risk region were examined on construction costs diaphragm wall by well method. Within scope not only is cohesive or non-cohesive, but also relative density 0%, 50% 100%, are discussed. addition, different conditions such as low, medium high taken into consideration. Thus, cost analyses carried...

One of the methods for dealing with the problem of water shortage and the decline of groundwater levels in the arid areas is the construction of underground dams. It is difficult to make a decision about suitable locations for the construction of underground dams because of the necessity to consider numerous factors. Some of these criteria are hydrological, geological and geomorphologic charact...