This book focuses on modern, highly developed East Asian societies and their social issues, particularly ones that are related to family and health. The examples are from Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Myanmar, Singapore, and the Pacific Islands, while references are made to contrasting examples in other Asian societies, especially China, because of its regional and global importance as well as it...

This paper reports the consequences experienced by Islam women attempting to reform gender relations among Muslim societies in northern Nigeria. The article also examines the problems encountered and its relation to the ideas, plans, and programs of gender and development (GAD) programs. In Muslim communities, few men or women disagree with the content of the GAD program aimed at addressing w...

We study the nature versus nurture distinction in bargaining behavior across gender, by observing the negotiation culture in matrilineal and patriarchal societies. Combining data from a laboratory experiment and a natural field experiment conducted in matrilineal and patriarchal societies permits us to explore how culture affects bargaining behavior. One interesting result is that in both the a...

Secret societies, involving restricted and hierarchically organised initiation rituals, are conspicuous in the chronicles of many past present societies. These rarely leave a substantial written record yet archaeology can provide vivid insight into performances, for example relation to Roman ‘mystery cults’. Far less research, however, has focused on Australia Pacific Islands. This article pres...

in the process of modernization, traditional dress is usually the first issue which changes in traditional societies. undoubtedly, western societies, benefiting from their worldwide cultural industry, are leading the globe to a great uniformity which peoples’ dress is one of its apparent out comes. today, in our society emergence of west culture through the process of globalization on one hand,...

Increase in population mobility and the arrival of migrants from a wider range of countries than ever before has produced ‘ethni-cities’ (Hill 2003, p. 1) in western societies. These cities become places where the visibility of cultural diversity and the co-existence of different ethnic groups can generate feelings of anxiety and fear and attitudes that range from intolerance and indifference, ...

This paper attempts to answer the question whether justice evaluations of income inequality in a society are determined more by country differences or by the social position an observer occupies. In very general terms what we study is whether, in shaping justice beliefs, cultural factors are more important than social-structural ones, or vice versa. In view of transformation societies, country ...

Prevailing beliefs suggest that Eastern cultures hold older adults in higher esteem than Western cultures do, due to stronger collectivist traditions of filial piety. However, in modern, industrialized societies, the strain presented by dramatic rises in population aging potentially threatens traditional cultural expectations. Addressing these competing hypotheses, a literature search located 3...

Lung cancer is at present and will be in future a major problem for societies throughout the world [6, 10]. Although national anti-smoking campaigns may have some effects in the western industrialized world, the aging of the societies there as well as the growing societies in the less developed world and air pollution problems like in China will contribute to a rising incidence of lung cancers ...