BACKGROUND Current investigations suggest that brain white matter may be qualitatively altered in schizophrenia even in the face of normal white matter volume. Diffusion tensor imaging provides a new approach for quantifying the directional coherence and possibly connectivity of white matter fibers in vivo. METHODS Ten men who were veterans of the US Armed Forces and met the DSM-IV criteria f...

Earlier structural magnetic resonance imaging in schizophrenia have noted smaller white matter volumes in diverse brain regions and recent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have allowed better elucidation of changes in brain white matter integrity within the illness. As white matter abnormalities have been reported to occur early in the course of schizophrenia, we systematically review ext...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can lead to ischemic white matter injury resulting in vascular dementia. To characterize white matter injury in vascular dementia, we investigated disintegration of diverse white matter components using a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. METHODS Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was modeled in Wistar rats by permanent occlusion of...

Eleven preterm infants (gestational ages 27-35 weeks) with echogenic paraventricular white matter identified shortly after birth were studied with serial echoencephalograms to fully delineate the sonographic findings characterizing the pathologic stages of white-matter necrosis. Echoencephalograms were compared with autopsy findings and CT scans. Cerebral function was assessed by electroencepha...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE White matter injury occurs after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and has not been well studied. In this study, we investigated acute white matter injury in a mouse SAH model and the role of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) in that injury. METHODS SAH was induced by endovascular perforation in wild-type (WT) or LCN2 knockout (LCN2-/-) mice. Sham WT mice underwent the same procedure with...

Recent in vivo diffusion brain imaging studies of schizophrenic patients have revealed microstructural abnormalities, with low diffusion anisotropy present throughout much of cortical white matter. Brain anisotropy is produced when proton movement reflects physically restricted water movement, for example, by myelin sheaths. Conditions that increase self-diffusion, such as edema, may also alter...

Figure 2 Comparison of visually assessed and fully-automatically obtained white matter lesion values. A) comparison for subcortical white matter lesion (sWML) volumes, and B) comparison for periventricular white matter lesion (pWML) scores. The dotted line in A is the identity line. ρ = Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. An automated assessment of White Matter Lesions based on regional FL...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebellar atrophy and white matter T2-hyperintensities have been characterized as cerebellar lesions of multiple system atrophy (MSA). The aim of the study was to correlate MR images with histologic findings in cerebellar lesions of MSA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Postmortem T2-weighted images using 1.5T were compared with histologic findings in 7 postmortem-proved cases wi...