Obtaining differential patterns over many rounds of a cryptographic primitive often requires working on local differential trail analysis. In the case of boomerang and rectangle attacks, merging two short differential trails into one long differential pattern is required. It was previously shown by Murphy that caution should be exercised as there is increased chance of running into contradictio...

use of the double ring infiltrometer to measure soil water infiltration in center pivot irrigation systems isn’t an accurate approach because the real conditions of infiltration under center pivot sprinklers is different from what happens in the double ring. in this study the infiltration parameters were evaluated in real conditions of a center pivot system. for this purpose a single ring with ...

Liu, L., Stevenson, S.B., and Schor, C.M. (1994, Nature, 367, 66-669) reported quantitative stereoscopic depth in a phantom rectangle which appeared to lack conventional matching elements. Later, Gillam, B.J. (1995, Nature, 373, 202-203) and Liu, L., Stevenson, S.B., and Schor, C.M. (1995, Nature, 373, 203) and Liu, L., Stevenson, S.B., and Schor, C.M. (1997, Vision Research, 37(5), 633-644) in...

Let n 4 ≥ and let n  be the set of four ribbon L-shaped n-ominoes. We study tiling problems for regions in a square lattice by n  . Our main result shows a remarkable property of this set of tiles: any tiling of the first quadrant by n  , n even, reduces to a tiling by n 2× and n 2 × rectangles, each rectangle being covered by two ribbon L-shaped n-ominoes. An application of our result is th...

Rectangle (square) packing problems involve packing all squares with sizes 1 × 1 to n × n into the minimum area enclosing rectangle (respectively, square). Rectangle packing is a variant of an important problem in a variety of real-world settings. For example, in electronic design automation, the packing of blocks into a circuit layout is essentially a rectangle packing problem. Rectangle packi...

We investigate forcing notions with the rectangle refining property, which is stronger than the countable chain condition, and fragments of Martin’s Axiom for such forcing notions. We prove that it is consistent that every forcing notion with the rectangle refining property has precaliber א1 but MAא1 for forcing notions with the rectangle refining property fails.

Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are used to estimate different morphologies, analysis of river profile, delineating drainage basin and drainage pattern associated with lithological and structural changes. The study area is Maroon River located in Khuzestan Province, Iran. In this study geomorphometric analysis based on DEM carried out to understand Maroon river uplift rate and tectonic- erosion...

Variations of the gonadal vein involve especial interest in general, vascular, and renal transplant surgery [1]. The testicular drainage originates at the upper pole of the testis, through the pampiniform plexus, which travels alongside the spermatic cord. The origin of the testicular vein, on both sides, lies at the deep inguinal ring, following a cephalic retroperitoneal path along the Psoas ...

The sustainability of irrigated agriculture in India is threatened by waterlogging, soil salinity, and alkalinity. To reverse declining agricultural productivity, a combination of surface and subsurface drainage, supplemented by improved irrigation management, has been identi®ed as the most appropriate strategy. But subsurface drainage for salinity control is costly. Therefore, its bene®ts in t...