The biogeochemistry of nitrogen (N) was evaluated for three forest ecosystems [Woods Lake (WL), Pancake-Hall Creek (PHC) and Huntington Forest (HF)] in the Adirondack region of New York, U.S.A. to evaluate the response of a range of N atmospheric inputs and experimental N additions. Bulk N deposition was higher at sites in the west than those in the central and eastern Adirondacks. These higher...

In this study, a white light particle image velocimetry (WL PIV) system which employs a light sheet generated with a flash was used. The system was developed in order to provide a cost-efficient and safe alternative to laser systems while keeping the accuracy limits required for hydraulic model tests. To investigate the accuracy of WL PIV method under different flow conditions, experiments were...

Dietary supplements sold for weight loss (WL), muscle building (MB), and sexual function (SF) are not medically recommended. They have been shown to be ineffective in many cases and pose serious health risks to consumers due to adulteration with banned substances, prescription pharmaceuticals, and other dangerous chemicals. Yet no prior research has investigated how these products may dispropor...

OBJECTIVES Weight loss (WL) is associated with a decrease in total and resting energy expenditure (EE). We aimed to investigate whether (1) diets with different rate and extent of WL determined different changes in total and resting EE and if (2) they influenced the level of adaptive thermogenesis, defined as the decline in total or resting EE not accounted by changes in body composition. MET...

BACKGROUND Weight loss (WL) reduces bone mass and increases fracture risk. Mechanisms regulating calcium metabolism during WL are unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of 6 wk of WL at 2 different amounts of calcium intake [normal (NlCa): 1 g/d; high (HiCa): 1.8 g/d] on true fractional calcium absorption (TFCA), bone turnover, and bone-regulating hormones in overweight pos...

OBJECTIVE Transcapillary transport of insulin is one determinant of glucose uptake by skeletal muscle; thus, a reduction in capillary density (CD) may worsen insulin sensitivity. Skeletal muscle CD is lower in older adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) compared with those with normal glucose tolerance and may be modifiable through aerobic exercise training and weight loss (AEX+WL). We t...

OBJECTIVE Our primary objective was to determine the long-term effects of physical activity (PA) and weight loss (WL) on body composition in overweight/obese older adults. Secondarily, the association between change in body mass and composition on change in several cardiometabolic risk factors and mobility was evaluated. DESIGN AND METHODS 288 older (X ± SD: 67.0 ± 4.8 years), overweight/obes...

Water level (WL) and water volume (WV) of surface-water bodies are among the most crucial variables used in water-resources assessment and management. They fluctuate as a result of climatic forcing, and they are considered as indicators of climatic impacts on water resources. Quantifying riverine WL and WV, however, usually requires the availability of timely and continuous in situ data, which ...

This study examined the differences in fat and carbohydrate oxidation during running and cycling at the same relative exercise intensities, with intensity determined in a number of ways. Specifically, exercise intensity was expressed as a percentage of maximum workload (WL(max)), maximum oxygen uptake (%VO(2max)), and maximum heart rate (%HR(max)) and as rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Ten ...