Bile acids (BA) have recently been shown to increase energy expenditure in mice, but this concept has not been tested in humans. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between plasma BA levels and energy expenditure in humans. Type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients (n = 12) and gender, age and BMI-matched healthy controls (n = 12) were studied before and after 8 weeks of treatment with a BA seque...

OBJECTIVES Women boxing have got recognition recently and so far no work has been reported on energy expenditure of national women boxers in India. This study was aimed to estimate the energy expenditure in Indian female boxers during sparring. METHODS A total of 20 female boxers were subjected. Energy expenditure was estimated using the same individual's HR-VO2 regression equation. Heart rat...

Capsinoids are non-pungent capsaicin analogs which increase energy expenditure like capsaicin. However, the mechanisms underlying the enhancement of their energy expenditure despite their non-pungency are poorly understood. We suggest here that capsinoids increase energy expenditure in wild-type mice, but not in transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) knockout mice, implying that capsi...

INTRODUCTION Failure to accurately estimate energy requirements may result in underfeeding or overfeeding. In this study, a dedicated multidisciplinary nutrition team measured energy expenditure in critically ill children. METHODS Steady-state indirect calorimetry was used to obtain measured resting energy expenditure, which was compared with equation-estimated energy expenditure and the tota...

1. Twenty-four hour energy expenditure and its components, i.e. 'basal metabolic rate', activity energy expenditure and diet-induced thermogenesis were measured, using continuous whole-body indirect calorimetry, in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition while in remission from Crohn's disease (weight 51.9 +/- 9.9 kg, body mass index 19.2 +/- 2.0 kg/m2). 2. Total parenteral nutrition was ...

1. In order to discriminate between homeostatic and circadian control of energy expenditure, this paper considers whether a shorter circadian cycle will produce a proportional reduction in energy expenditure (so that expenditure per unit time is conserved) or alternatively whether energy expenditure will be compressed into the shorter cycle (so that energy expenditure per cycle is conserved). T...

Single-minded 1 (Sim1) is a transcription factor necessary for development of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). This nucleus is a critical regulator of appetite, energy expenditure and body weight. Previously we showed that Sim1(+/-) mice and conditional postnatal Sim1(-/-) mice exhibit hyperphagia, obesity, increased linear growth and susceptibility to diet-induced obesity...

OBJECTIVE Obesity is the source of many health problems in Guadeloupe. The aim of this study was to describe the relationships between daily energy intake and expenditure, and weight status. METHODS Three consecutive daily recalls for activities and food intake were used to assess energy expenditure and energy intake in 20- to 60-year-old Guadeloupian men and women. RESULTS The absolute dai...

Many compounds and genetic manipulations are claimed to confer resistance to obesity in rodents by raising energy expenditure. Examples taken from recent and older literature, demonstrate that such claims are often based on measurements of energy expenditure after body composition has changed, and depend on comparisons of energy expenditure divided by body weight. This is misleading because whi...

Four indirect estimations of energy expenditure were examined, (i) O(2) debt, (ii) O(2) deficit, (iii) blood lactate concentration, and (iv) excess CO(2) production during and after 6 exercise durations (2, 4, 10, 15, 30, and 75 s) performed at 3 different intensities (50%, 100%, and 200% of VO(2) max). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine if significant differences existed among ...