Al Cameron, who died recently (October 3, 2005) at 80, was one of the giants in astrophysics. His insights were profound and his interests were wide-ranging. Originally trained as a nuclear physicist, he made major contributions in a number of fields, including nuclear reactions in stars, nucleosynthesis, the abundances of the elements in the Solar System, and the origin of the Solar System and...

In this paper we introduce the SpeakCorrect system which is a Computer Aided Pronunciation Training (CAPT) system for native Arabic students of English. The system is designed with optimized performance for the target users group. It is L1 dependent system and only the frequent pronunciation errors of native Arabic speakers are examined. Several adaptation techniques such as Speaker Adaptive Tr...

Abstract In literary genres concerned with an ethics of character, scholars in the third through fifth/ninth eleventh century wrote about social trust. this article I examine ethical thinking four such scholars: Ibn Abī l-Dunyā (d. 281/894), al-Kharāʾiṭī 327/939), al-Māwardī 450/1058), and al-Ghazālī 505/1111). Locating conceptualisations concerns related to trust mistrust, trustworthiness, tru...

infections Widad Al-Nakib, FRCPath, FIDSA; Sahar Essa, BSc, MSc, PhD; Haya Altawalah, BSc, MBBS, FRCPath; Abdullah Owayed; Mousa Khadadah; Nasser Behbehani; Microbiology Department Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait; Virology Unit, Ministry of Health, Mubarak Hospital, Kuwait; Paediatrics, Kuwait University, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait; Medicine, Kuwait University, Faculty of Medici...

Enhanced sensitivity to information of negative (compared to positive) valence has an adaptive value, for example, by expediting the correct choice of avoidance behavior. However, previous evidence for such enhanced sensitivity has been inconclusive. Here we report a clear advantage for negative over positive words in categorizing them as emotional. In 3 experiments, participants classified bri...

Gerard Salton is often credited with developing the vector space model (VSM) for information retrieval (IR). Citations to Salton give the impression that the VSM must have been articulated as an IR model sometime between 1970 and 1975. However, the VSM as it is understood today evolved over a longer time period than is usually acknowledged, and an articulation of the model and its assumptions d...

Program authorship attribution—identifying a programmer based on stylistic characteristics of code—has practical implications for detecting software theft, digital forensics, and malware analysis. Authorship attribution is challenging in these domains where usually only binary code is available; existing source code-based approaches to attribution have left unclear whether and to what extent pr...

Setting new tracks: not just creating another pretty picture Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has the lure that functional MRI had in the 1980s; it often yields beautiful pictures, whether or not it confirms your beautiful hypotheses. It is not that we haven't learned much from both, indeed, functional MRI has revealed substantial insights into the networks of brain regions that work together to ...