Variant surface antigens (VSAs) encoded by pir families are considered to be the key proteins used by many Plasmodium spp. to escape the host immune system by antigenic variation. This attribute of VSAs is a critical issue in the development of a novel vaccine. In this regard, a population genetic study of vir genes from Plasmodium vivax was performed in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Eighty-five...

Transcription of the virG gene of Agrobacterium tumefaciens was previously shown to be expressed from two tandem promoters and to be responsive to three stimuli: plant-released phenolic compounds, phosphate starvation, and acidic media. In this report, I describe a set of deletions and other alterations of the 5' end of virG that show that the upstream promoter (P1) is necessary for induction b...

Seksuele verhoudings is net so belangrik vir die gestremde as vir die normale mens. In gesinsbeplanning vir die gestremde is raadgewing een van die belangrikste aspekte. Vir die bepaling van die geskikte gesinsbeplanningsmetode vir die gestremde pasiënt moet die verpleegkundige kennis dra van die genetiese faktore wat met die gestremdheid verband hou, die aard van die gestremdheid, die kliënt s...

Lysogenization of Mycoplasma arthritidis with the MAV1 bacteriophage increases the virulence of the mycoplasma in rats. The MAV1 vir gene is one of only two constitutively transcribed phage genes in the lysogen. We show here that Vir is a lipoprotein and is located on the outer surface of the cell membrane. To investigate whether Vir is a virulence factor, the vir gene was cloned into the trans...

Professionele ontnugtering by die studentverpleegkundige, wat ’n belangrike rede vir beroepsverlating is, was die onderwerp van hierdie navorsing onder studente in die Oos-Kaap. Een van die belangrikste redes vir professionele ont­ nugtering is gebrekkige sosialisering van die student in die beroep. Die voigende faktore wat met professionalisering en sosialisering verband hou is ontleed: die in...

The vir genes are antigenic genes and are considered to be possible vaccine targets. Since India is highly endemic to Plasmodium vivax, we sequenced 5 different vir genes and investigated DNA sequence variations in 93 single-clonal P. vivax isolates. High variability was observed in all the 5 vir genes; the vir 1/9 gene was highly diverged across Indian populations. The patterns of genetic dive...

In Drosophila, the gene Sex-lethal (Sxl) is required for female development. It controls sexual differentiation in the soma, dosage compensation and oogenesis. The continuous production of SXL proteins in XX animals is maintained by autoregulation and depends on virilizer (vir). This gene is required in somatic cells for the female-specific splicing of Sxl primary transcripts and for an unknown...

One hundred seventy-nine Streptococcus pyogenes isolates recovered from scarlet fever patients from 1996 to 1999 in central Taiwan were characterized by emm, Vir, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing methods. The protocols for Vir and PFGE typing were standardized. A database of the DNA fingerprints for the isolates was established. Nine emm or emm-like genes, 19 Vir patterns, and...