PVC-441 murine leukemia virus (MuLV) is a member of the PVC group of Friend MuLV (F-MuLV)-derived neuropathogenic retroviruses. In order to determine the molecular basis for the difference in neuropathogenicity between PVC-441 and the previously characterized PVC-211 MuLVs, the entire nucleotide sequence of PVC-441 MuLV was determined and compared with those of PVC-211 and F-MuLV. The results s...

Four clones of murine leukemia viruses (PVC-111, PVC-211, PVC-321, and PVC-441) were isolated from a paralyzed Fischer rat which had been infected with rat-passaged Friend leukemia virus. PVC-211 and PVC-321 viruses induced hind leg paralysis in rats and killed them within 1 month, and PVC-441 did so within 2 months after infection, whereas PVC-111 did not within 4 months. PVC-321 and PVC-441 b...

OBJECTIVES We sought to clarify the prevalence and characteristics of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia or premature ventricular contraction originating from the mitral annulus (MAVT/PVC). BACKGROUND Recent case reports have presented patients with MAVT/PVC. METHODS Electrocardiographic (ECG) characteristics and the results of electrophysiologic investigation and radiofrequency catheter ab...

OBJECTIVE Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is commonly used as a catheter material in catheters for clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) but, owing mainly to environmental concerns, a PVC-free material has been proposed. The objective of this study was to compare patients' tolerability for catheters made of PVC and a newly developed PVC-free material. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a prospective, ...

Three polyphosphates were used as inhibitors for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) photodegradation. The polyphosphates were added to PVC at a concentration of 0.5% by weight. The PVC films (40 µm thickness) were irradiated at room temperature with ultraviolet (UV) light for up to 300 h. The changes in PVC films after irradiation were monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, weight loss, ...

Poly(vinyl chloride) resins are produced by four basic processes: suspension, emulsion, bulk and solution polymerization. PVC suspensions resins are usually relatively dust-free and granular with varying degrees of particle porosity. PVC emulsion resins are small particle powders containing very little free monomer. Bulk PVC resins are similar to suspension PVC resins, though the particles tend...

The ZnO sol well-crystallized was prepared by the sol-gel method. The ZnO films were coated on medical-grade PVC surface by the improved organic-inorganic interfacial adhesion method. The physical and photocatalytic properties of the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, DRS spectra and measured by the photodegradation reaction of Rhodamine B (RhB) and anti-bacteria for Escherichia coli (E. c...

A study was carried out to characterize Ni-Co-PVC and Ni-Cu-PVC composite materials prepared by mechanical alloying technique (MAT) using SEM, EDS and electrochemical test. Composite materials were prepared by mixing together 95% of metal powder (Ni+Co or Ni+Cu) with 5% PVC. PVC was used as a binder and tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as a solvent in composite material preparation. Based on the ...

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is a complex plastic system. Individual components of the PVC system, including residual vinyl chloride monomer (RVCM) and certain additives, may pose risks of harm to human health. There have been significant reductions in the RVCM content of PVC resin since 1974, reducing the cancer risk of workers in PVC fabrication plants and consumers of PVC products. A "no-effec...