background: the purpose of this study was to assess the dental arch dimensions in primary dentition of 3-5 years old filipino children and determining the existence of sexual dimorphism. m aterials and methods: in this descriptive study, 60 filipino preschool children aged 3-5 years old were selected from manila city. study casts were used for measurements of 3 arch dimensions: bicanine width, ...

the osteology of the hyoid and branchial arches in several representatives of eurypterygian fishes were examined. the hyoid arches consist of a single basihyal and urohyal, and the arch on each side consists of a dorsal and a ventral hypohyal, an anterior and posterior ceratohyal, an interhyal, and branchiostegal rays that are borne on the ceratohyals. the branchial arches consist of three sing...

In this paper, optimal design of arch dams is performed under frequency limitations. Colliding Bodies Optimization (CBO), a recently developed meta-heuristic optimization method, which has been successfully applied to several structural problems, is revised and utilized for finding the best feasible shape of arch dams. The formulation of CBO is derived from one-dimensional collisions between bo...

  In this study two groups of dental study models were selected to evaluate the relationship between the tooth size, arch dimensions , and dental crowding. The first group consisting of 56 pairs of dental study models (28 males and 28 females) with normal occlusion ( without dental crowding) ranging in  age from 16 to 20 years, were selected among 4445 students from Kerman by multi stage rando...