40 Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a class of smart materials that recover apparent plastic 41 deformation (~6-8% strain) after heating, thus “remembering” the original shape. This 42 shape memory effect (SME) can be exploited for self post-tensioning applications and 43 NiTi-based SMAs are promising as SME is possible at elevated temperatures amenable 44 to practical application compared to con...

A typical heavy-duty diesel fuel injector comprises of a solenoid control valve, a plunger cylinder and a fuel passage linking the first two elements. Through this passage a fuel communication is established where the fuel is delivered into the plunger cylinder via control valve. The plunger pressurizes the fuel in excess of 32,000 psi and the high-pressure fuel is injected through spray nozzle...

The shape memory effect (SME) response of a deformation-processed NiTiNb shape memory alloy is benchmarked against the response of a cast alloy. The insoluble Nb element ternary addition is known to widen the hysteresis with respect to the binary NiTi alloy. Cast microstructures naturally consist of a cellular arrangement of characteristic eutectic microconstituents surrounding primary matrix r...

The recovery stress of martensitic shape-memory alloy [SMA] wires can be used to confine concrete, and the confining effectiveness of the SMA wires was previously proved through experimental tests. However, the behavior of SMA wires under recovery stress has not been seriously investigated. Thus, this study conducted a series of tests of NiTiNb martensitic SMA wires under recovery stress with v...

Large thermal hysteresis ( T hys ) is favorable in shape memory alloys (SMAs) because it renders wide service and storage temperature range of the SMA-made parts. In this letter, we show that large intrinsic up to 100 K achieved a low Nb content (2 at.%), β-Nb-free single-phase NiTiNb SMA fabricated by casting, forging, wire-drawing annealing. Such comparable widely used dual-phase SMAs which h...