در این پژوهش، تغییرات زمانی تپ‌های لیزری 2CO TEA که از اتاقکی حاوی گاز 6SF با فشار mbar 150-10 عبور می‌کند، شاریدگی‌های انرژی و فشارهای گازی مختلف بررسی شده است. نشان داده است برای هر شاریدگی، قطع معینی وجود دارد قطع، میخه تپ به طور کامل حذف می‌شود، درحالی دنباله دربرگیرنده کسر قابل توجهی اولیه آن است، برجامی‌ماند. شواهد تجربی برآمده داده‌های بیناب‌سنجی FTIR، گسست چندفوتونی مولکول‌های را پاسخگو...

The status of the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff and pair-production dip in Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) is discussed. They are the features in the spectrum of protons propagating through CMB radiation in extragalactic space, and discovery of these features implies that primary particles are mostly extragalactic protons. The spectra measured by AGASA, Yakutsk, HiRes and Auger det...

It has been conjectured that the string and unification scales may be substantially lower than previously believed, perhaps a few TeV. In scenarios of this type, orbiting detectors such OWL or AIRWATCH can observe spectacular phenomena at trans-GZK energies. We explore measurable signatures of the hypothesis that trans-GZK air showeres (“anomalous showers”) are originated by strongly interactin...

“GZK photons” are produced by extragalactic nucleons through the resonant photoproduction of pions. We present the expected range of the GZK photon fraction of UHECR, assuming a particular UHECR spectrum and primary nucleons, and compare it with the minimal photon fraction predicted by Top-Down models. The Pierre Auger Observatory [1] may prove photon fractions in the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic R...

The nature of the unknown sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays can be revealed through the detection of the GZK feature in the cosmic ray spectrum, resulting from the production of pions by ultra-high energy protons scattering off the cosmic microwave background. Here we show that the GZK feature cannot be accurately determined with the small sample of events with energies ∼ 10 eV detected ...