We are interested in two kinds of GFF. The rst one, mainly referred as GFF in the forth comings, is indexed by H(D), where D ⊆ R is some bounded domain, and H (D) is the closure of C∞ c (D) under the Dirichlet inner product (·, ·)∇ on D. The other one is the massive GFF. which is indexed by the standard Sobolev space H (R). As we can see from [3] and [4], when n = 2, the circle "average" of the...

The d-dimensional Gaussian free field (GFF), also called the (Euclidean bosonic) massless free field, is a d-dimensional-time analog of Brownian motion. Just as Brownian motion is the limit of the simple random walk (when time and space are appropriately scaled), the GFF is the limit of many incrementally varying random functions on d-dimensional grids. We present an overview of the GFF and som...

We study a generalization of the notion of Gaussian free field (GFF). Although the extension seems minor, we first show that a generalized GFF does not satisfy the spatial Markov property, unless it is a classical GFF. In stochastic homogenization, the scaling limit of the corrector is a possibly generalized GFF described in terms of an “effective fluctuation tensor” that we denote by Q. We pro...

BACKGROUND Long-acting muscarinic antagonist/long-acting β2-agonist combinations are recommended for patients whose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not managed with monotherapy. We assessed the efficacy and safety of glycopyrrolate (GP)/formoterol fumarate (FF) fixed-dose combination delivered via a Co-Suspension™ Delivery Technology-based metered dose inhaler (MDI) (GFF MDI). ...

In the in vitro production (IVP) of mammalian embryos, the efficiency of fertilization and post-fertilization development is influenced markedly by in vitro maturation (IVM) conditions (Fukui and Ono, 1989). Mammalian oocytes can spontaneously undergo germinal vesicle breakdown and subsequent formation of metaphase-II stage during maturation and almost similar development occurs in both in vivo...

We consider the maximum of the discrete two dimensional Gaussian free field (GFF) in a box, and prove that its maximum, centered at its mean, is tight, settling a long–standing conjecture. The proof combines a recent observation of [BDZ10] with elements from [Br78] and comparison theorems for Gaussian fields. An essential part of the argument is the precise evaluation, up to an error of order 1...

Background. Internal thoracic artery (ITA) is a very useful conduit for coronary artery bypass artery (CABG), with excellent long-term patency. With the purpose to dilate the ITA graft and increase graft free flow (GFF) intraoperatively, we evaluated the usefulness of intraluminal injection of fasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, and compared with the conventional graft dilating agent papaverine. M...

Purpose The efficacy and tolerability of GFF MDI (Bevespi Aerosphere®), a fixed-dose combination of glycopyrronium (GP)/formoterol fumarate dihydrate (FF) 14.4/10 μg (equivalent to glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate 18/9.6 μg) delivered by metered dose inhaler (MDI) using innovative co-suspension delivery technology, has been investigated in a Phase III clinical trial program (NCT01854645, NCT0...

BACKGROUND Symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may vary throughout the day and it is important that therapeutic approaches provide 24-h symptom control. We report the results of two phase IIIb crossover studies, PT003011 and PT003012, investigating the 24-h lung function profile of GFF MDI (glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate 18/9.6 μg delivered using innovative co-suspension deliv...

The Amazonian cichlid peacock bass (Cichla sp.) is a highly marketable food and sport fish, therefore a suitable species for aquaculture. However, because of its piscivorous feeding preferences, the species does not accept dry feeds voluntarily, turning its intensive culture difficult and costly. This study aimed to wean fingerling peacock bass from inert moist food to dry diets. In a first exp...