Heavy air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM2.5), poses serious challenges to environmental sustainability in Beijing. Epidemiological studies and the identification of measures for preventing serious air pollution both require accurate PM2.5 spatial distribution data. Land use regression (LUR) models are promising for estimating the spatial distribution of PM2.5 at a high spatia...

Land-use regression (LUR) models are increasingly used to estimate exposure to air pollution in urban areas. An appropriate monitoring network is an important component in the development of a robust LUR model. In this study concentrations of NO2 were simulated by a dispersion model at ‘virtual’ monitoring sites in 54 network designs of varying numbers and types of site, using a 25 km2 area in ...

PURPOSE In cardiac 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) examination, interpretation of myocardial viability in the low uptake region (LUR) has been difficult without additional perfusion imaging. We evaluated distribution patterns of FDG at the border zone of the LUR in the cardiac FDG-PET and established a novel parameter for diagnosing myocardial viability...

Epidemiologic studies of air pollution require accurate exposure assessments at unmonitored locations in order to minimize exposure misclassification. One approach gaining considerable interest is the land-use regression (LUR) model. Generally, the LUR model has been utilized to characterize air pollution exposure and health effects for individuals residing within urban areas. The objective of ...

Though land use regression (LUR) models have been widely utilized to simulate air pollution distribution, unclear spatial scale effects of contributing characteristic variables usually make results study-specific. In this study, LUR models for PM2.5 in Houston Metropolitan Area, US were developed under scales of 100 m, 300 m, 500 m, 800 m, and 1000–5000 m with intervals of 500 m by employing th...

BACKGROUND In epidemiological studies, small-scale spatial variation in air quality is estimated using land-use regression (LUR) and dispersion models. An important issue of exposure modeling is the predictive performance of the model at unmeasured locations. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of two LUR models (large area and city specific) and a dispersion model i...

Both the maternal (F-type) and paternal (M-type) mitochondrial genomes of the Mytilus species complex M. edulis/galloprovincialis contain a noncoding sequence between the l-rRNA and the tRNA(Tyr) genes, here called the large unassigned region (LUR). The LUR, which is shorter in M genomes, is capable of forming secondary structures and contains motifs of significant sequence similarity with elem...

Land use regression models (LUR) frequently use leave-one-out-cross-validation (LOOCV) to assess model fit, but recent studies suggested that this may overestimate predictive ability in independent data sets. Our aim was to evaluate LUR models for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM) components exploiting the high correlation between concentrations of PM metrics and NO2. LUR model...

BACKGROUND Ambient air ozone (O3) is a pulmonary irritant that has been associated with respiratory health effects including increased lung inflammation and permeability, airway hyperreactivity, respiratory symptoms, and decreased lung function. Estimation of O3 exposure is a complex task because the pollutant exhibits complex spatiotemporal patterns. To refine the quality of exposure estimatio...