Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory agents, acting through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to regulate target gene transcription. However, GR may also exert acute effects, including activation of signaling kinases such as c-Src and protein kinase B, possibly via the scaffold protein, modulator of nongenomic action of the estrogen receptor (MNAR). MNAR inhibited GR transactivation in A...

Emerging evidence suggests that nuclear receptor (NR) coregulators have potential to act as master genes and their deregulation can promote oncogenesis. Proline-, glutamic acid-, and leucine-rich protein-1 (PELP1/MNAR) is a novel NR coregulator. Its expression is deregulated in hormone-driven cancers. However, the role of PELP1/MNAR in ovarian cancer progression remains unknown. Analysis of ser...

In this study, we have evaluated the molecular mechanism of Src activation after its interaction with estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and a newly identified scaffold protein, called MNAR (modulator of nongenomic activity of ER). Under basal condition, Src enzymatic activity is inhibited by intramolecular interactions. The enzyme can be activated by interaction between the SH2 domain of Src an...

Proline-, glutamic acid-, and leucine-rich protein (PELP)1, also known as modulator of nongenomic actions of the estrogen receptor (MNAR), is a novel nuclear receptor coregulator with a multitude of functions. PELP1/MNAR serves as a scaffolding protein that couples various signaling complexes with nuclear receptors and participates in genomic and nongenomic functions. Recent data suggest that P...

Proline-, glutamic acid- and leucine-rich protein-1/modulator of non-genomic activity of estrogen receptor (ER) (PELP1/MNAR) is a novel nuclear receptor (NR) co-activator that plays an essential role in the actions of ER. Emerging findings suggest that PELP1/MNAR is a novel proto-oncogene, whose expression is deregulated in several hormone-respons...

When missingness is suspected to be not at random (MNAR) in longitudinal studies, researchers sometimes compare the fit of a target model that assumes missingness at random (here termed a MAR model) and a model that accommodates a hypothesized MNAR missingness mechanism (here termed a MNAR model). It is well known that such comparisons are only interpretable conditional on the validity of the c...

The estrogen receptors ERalpha and ERbeta have been implicated in the progression of a wide variety of cancers. The actions of ER are regulated by ER coregulator proteins, including proline-, glutamic acid- and leucine-rich-protein-1 (PELP1/MNAR). PELP1 has been shown to participate in both genomic and nongenomic functions of ER. The expression and localization of PELP1/MNAR are deregulated in ...

We present a technique for incorporating data attributes that are supposed Missing Not at Random (MNAR) into Bayesian Networks (BNs). While traditional methods of incorporating data that is Missing at Random (MAR) into BNs are well documented, there are fewer tested methods for discovering and incorporating data Missing Not at Random (MNAR). We present a review of literature in BNs and missing ...

Numerous studies have demonstrated that estrogens induce rapid and transient activation of the Src/Erk phosphorylation cascade. Activation of this cascade triggers vital cellular functions including cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the details of the molecular mechanism of this process remain to be elucidated. We have identified a previously uncharacterized nuclear receptor-inte...