The ability to utilize formamide as a sole nitrogen source has been found in numerous fungi. We have cloned the fmdS gene encoding a formamidase from Aspergillus nidulans and found that it belongs to a highly conserved family of proteins separate from the major amidase families. The expression of fmdS is primarily regulated via AreA-mediated nitrogen metabolite repression and does not require t...

INTRODUCTION Recent studies suggest that repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) improves functional movement disorders (FMDs), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The objective was to determine whether the beneficial action of TMS in patients with FMDs is due to cortical neuromodulation or rather to a cognitive-behavioral effect. METHOD Consecutive patients with FMDs underwen...

Functional recovery does not occur in 10% of patients with neonatal brachial plexus palsy. In these patients, resection of a neuroma-in-continuity (NIC) and surgical nerve reconstruction are required. The formation of a NIC seems to prohibit functional recovery, but the underlying biologic mechanisms for this failure are poorly understood. We systematically analyzed a large series of NIC tissue...

Functional movement disorders (FMDs) encompass a broad range of abnormal movements (e.g., tremor, dystonia, myoclonus, and parkinsonism) that are clinically inconsistent with known neurologic diseases. Although they account for 16% of new referrals to neurology clinics, the pathophysiology of FMDs is poorly understood. In addition, FMDs represent a serious challenge for clinicians in terms of d...

This review examines the potential of fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) in preventing and treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD). FMDs are low-calorie that mimic physiological metabolic effects fasting, including activation cellular stress response pathways autophagy. Recent studies have shown can reduce amyloid-beta accumulation, tau phosphorylation, inflammation, as well improve cognitive function an...

The aim of this paper is to establish an abstract theory based on the so-called fractional-maximal distribution functions (FMDs). From basic ideas introduced in [1], we develop and prove some results related level-set inequalities norm-comparisons by using language such FMDs. Particularly interesting applicability our approach that has been shown regularity Calderón-Zygmund type estimates. In p...

Purpose Flow models of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) can be used to test new and existing endovascular treatments with flow modulation devices (FMDs). Additionally, 4D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers the ability measure hemodynamics. This way, effect FMDs determined noninvasively compared patient data. Here, we describe a cost-effective method for producing efficiency MRI. Methods The we...

Gleevec (imatinib), are among the most broadly applied cancer therapeutics. By blocking the tyrosine kinase activity of mutated or overexpressed oncogenes, such as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), they interfere with signaling cascades which cancer cells are frequently " addicted " to, inducing vigorous and prolonged clinical responses...

[1] Relocated hypocentral data from a 7-month deployment (October 2003 to April 2004) of ocean bottom seismometers provide an opportunity to map microearthquake frequency-magnitude distributions (FMDs) along the 9 49–520N region on the East Pacific Rise. These analyses, which incorporate more than 9000 earthquakes, represent the first investigation of the 3-D spatial and temporal patterns of FM...

Residential Crisis Units (Rct:) are non-hospital-based facilities that provide mental health crisis intervention. This paper reviews the RCtZ literature base and fmds good evidence of the ability of RCUs to function as alternatives to hospitalization for many consumers, with equivalent effectiveness and for significantly less cost. Despite this promising research, the RCU model has not been wid...