8-(dimethylamino)-N,N-dimethyl-naphthalen-1-aminium hydrogenterephthalate (PSH+TPAH-) and 8-(dimethylamino)-N,N-dimethylnaphthalen-1-aminium hydrogen-terephthalate hydrate (PSH+TPAH-·H2O) were prepared by the direct reaction of N1,N1,N8,N8-tetra-methyl-naphthalene-1,8-di-amine, Proton Sponge (PS) © terephthalic acid (TPAH2) in a 1:1 stoichiometric relation. The structure both salts is constru...

Snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) eggs were exposed to two concentrations of chemically- or physically-dispersed water accommodated fractions of weathered Arabian light crude oil (Low=0.5 and High=10 g oil/L water). Solutions were passed through nest substrate to simulate alterations in composition during percolation to egg depth. Hatchlings were raised for 13 months during which numerous e...

The photoenhanced toxicity of weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil (ANS) was investigated in the eggs and larvae of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) with and without the chemical dispersant Corexit 9527. Oil alone was acutely toxic to larvae at aqueous concentrations below 50 microg/L total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (tPAH), and median lethal (LC50s) and effective concentrations (EC50s)...

The Prestige oil spill in November 2002 is considered the biggest large-scale catastrophe of its type in Europe, thousands of seabirds dying in the subsequent months. Here, the total concentration of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (TPAH) was measured in the blood cell fraction of adult and chick yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis) from unoiled and oiled coastal areas in North Western S...

We incubated pink salmon embryos under three exposure conditions, direct contact with oil-coated gravel, effluent from oil-coated gravel, and direct contact with gravel coated with very weathered oil (VWO). Embryo mortalities and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) accumulation in embryo tissues during the direct-contact and effluent exposure experiments were not significantly different, ind...