The post-phloem unloading pathway and the mechanism of sugar accumulation remain unclear in litchi fruit. A combination of electron microscopy, transport of phloem-mobile symplasmic tracer (carboxyfluorescein, CF) and biochemical and molecular assays was used to explore the post-phloem transport pathway and the mechanism of aril sugar accumulation in litchi. In the funicle, where the aril origi...

A síntese, a caracterização espectroscópica e os resultados biológicos de novas séries de 2-(4-piridil)-1,2,3,4-tetrahidroquinolinas e seus precursores, -N-aril-N-[1-(4-piridil)but-3-enil] aminas, são descritos. Foi encontrado que ambos, precursores substituídos g-piridil e os produtos finais, as tetrahidroquinolinas, demonstraram excelentes atividades antifúngicas contra Aspergillus fumigatus,...

To investigate the modification of cell wall polysaccharides in relation to aril breakdown in harvested longan fruit, three pectin fractions (WSP, water soluble pectin; CSP, CDTA-soluble pectin; ASP, alkali soluble pectin) and one hemicellulose fraction (4 M KOH-SHC, 4 M KOH-soluble hemicellulose) were extracted, and their contents, monosaccharide compositions and molecular weights were evaluat...

Geuk (Momordica cochinchinensis spreng) tropical fruits, which are produced in Jeju Island, Korea, well known for containing high levels of carotenoids and α-tocopherol. In this study, geuk fruits were separated two parts (pulp; yellow-orange and seed aril; red). The extracts of geuk fruits were simultaneously analyzed for carotenoids and α-tocopherol contents using HPLC. The results showed tha...

Sais e ésteres derivados de ácidos aril borônicos podem ser usados na reação de acoplamento Suzuki com (E)-bromoestilbeno usando uma mistura Pd(OAc)2/PPh3 como precursor catalítico. Enquanto que a adição de uma base como KOH é necessária para a reação de acoplamento com ácido borônico ou seu éster derivado do pinacol, o uso de um aril borato de sódio permite que a reação seja realizada na ausên...

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of pectinase on prebiotic activity and bioactive compounds of enzymatically depolymerized Thailand-grown mangosteen aril. It was found that after varying enzyme concentration in 0-3.0% (v/w), mangosteen aril treated with enzyme concentration of 2.5% (v/w) and hydrolyzed for 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h can be hydrolyzed at 5 different levels of reduc...

Aril cetonas cíclicas α,α-dicloradas foram obtidas pelo tratamento de uma solução metanólica da correspondente cetona com cândida comercial em condições ambiente com rendimentos que variaram de 61 a 92%. A reação ocorre em cetonas contendo tanto grupos doadores quanto retiradores de elétrons, mas parece ser sensível a efeitos estéricos. Além disso, aril-cicloalcanonas com anéis de cinco, seis e...

A differentiated structure called "aril" has been described in seeds of several plant species during the course of evolution and might be considered as a supernumerary integument. Besides its ecological function in seed dispersal, the structure also represents a relevant character for systematic classification and exhibits important properties that impart agronomic value in certain species. Lit...

background: the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is complex and multifactorial. studies have led to the current concept that toll-like receptors represent key mediators of innate host defense in the intestine, and they are involved in maintaining mucosal as well as commensal homeostasis. we studied the possibility of simvastatin and antagonist of receptors of interleukin-1 for pharmac...

The dispersal ecology of Stemmadenia donnell-smithii was studied in the tropical dry forest zone of northwestern Costa Rica. Fruit was most abundant late in the dry season and was eaten by 22 species of birds, many of which are primarily insectivorous. Stomach-content analyses substantiated our observations. Total crop size per tree and rate of fruit opening were greatest in pasture-edge trees ...