Mutations in the the leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) gene cause autosomal-dominant Parkinson disease and some cases of sporadic Parkinson disease. Here we found that LRRK2 kinase activity was regulated by GTP via the intrinsic GTPase Roc domain, and alterations of LRRK2 protein that reduced kinase activity of mutant LRRK2 correspondingly reduced neuronal toxicity. These data elucidate the ...

This paper discusses the galaxy populations of three rich clusters, with redshift 0.19 (0839+29), 0.24 (1231+15), and 0.32 (1224+20), from the database of the CNOC1 consortium. The data consist of spectra of 52 cluster members for 0839+29, 30 members for 1224+15, and 82 members for 1231+15, and there are comparable numbers of field galaxy spectra. 0839+29 is compact with no strong radial gradie...

Site 1231 of the Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) was characterized by low concentrations of organic carbon, as well as low cell numbers and biological activity rates. A 16S rRNA survey was performed in order to analyse the microbial community composition of these central oceanic sediments. Archaeal 16S rRNA genes from subsurface sediments at Site 1231 (1.8, 9.0, and 43 mbsf) were affiliated with u...

BACKGROUND Evaluation of the HIV Testing Week (HTW) 2015 in Amsterdam: the number of (positive) tested persons, characteristics and testing history of the tested population, the differences in attendance per location and the healthcare workers' experiences and opinions concerning the HTW. METHODS The HTW took place from 28 November till 4 December 2015. Anonymous HIV rapid testing (INSTI™ HIV...

Objective: To investigate the developmental trajectory of response inhibition and, more specifically, whether there is a dissociation of function in the prefrontal cortex over the course of development of executive function and associated response inhibition abilities. Method: Nineteen typically developing subjects, ranging in age from 8 to 20, performed a Go/NoGo task while behavioral and func...

Ismayil YILMAZ 1, Ismail DEMIRYILMAZ 2, Mehmet I. TURAN 3*, Bahadır SULEYMAN 4, Isil S. TURAN 5, Durdu ALTUNER 4, Hamit H. ALP 6 & Halis SULEYMAN 4 1 Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Erzincan, Turkey 2 Ibni Sina Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Kayseri, Turkey 3 Diyarbakir Research and Educational Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Diyarbakir, T...

Lake Sonachi, Kenya, is a small alkaline-saline crater lake that over the past 175 years has experienced considerable fluctuations in lake depth (Zmax 5 3–18 m) and an alternation of meromictic and holomictic episodes lasting from a few years to several decades. Paleolimnological methods were used to reconstruct the long-term dynamics of algal and invertebrate communities in Lake Sonachi in rel...

We have observed the quadruply lensed quasar 1RXS J1131-1231 with the integral field spectrograph mode of the Kyoto Tridimensional Spectrograph II mounted on the Subaru telescope. Its field of view has covered simultaneously the three brighter lensed images A, B, and C, which are known to exhibit anomalous flux ratios in their continuum emission. We have found that the [OIII] line flux ratios a...