Insect herbivory induces the production of defensive plant compounds that can poison or reduce the growth of their attackers. Previous studies have shown that plants supplemented with silicon (Si) have increased tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses including herbivores. This tolerance has been mainly associated with the accumulation of Si bodies in plant tissues, but the effect of Si o...

Sabine and Eyring equations are commonly used to estimate the reverberation time (RT) in concert halls. Derivations of the two equations are based on well-defined and different physical assumptions, and they are both slightly different from the realistic condition in actual halls. In many researches so far, comparatively simple room shapes have been utilized to study the question on which equat...

successfully hosted by Luisa Villa, Gustavo Amestoy, Eduardo Franco and their colleagues in Florianópolis, Brazil, 1–7 September 2001. The meeting continues to offer the most comprehensive forum for the dissemination of the advancements achieved in the diverse areas of papillomavirus research. As in recent years, the main axes of investigation continue to be the mechanisms of carcinogenesis, vi...

We describe the 2016 ICDT Test of Time Award which is awarded to Chandra Chekuri andAnand Rajaraman for their 1997 ICDT paper on “Conjunctive Query Containment Revisited”. 1998 ACM Subject Classification H.2.3 [Database Management] Languages

This paper explores why Iran was a particularly fertile ground for repeated visitation of cholera in the 19th century. Along with certain unique Iranian cultural and religious factors, the author demonstrates how Iranian urban ecology, particularly the qanat system, contributed to the fatal spread of the epidemic. These multi-faceted conditions, the author concludes, resulted in distinct modes ...

We frame the general problem of ‘rationally’ (in the sense of Anderson et al’s ACT-Rframework) integrating semantic theories and processing, and indicate how this integratedtheory could be explicitly formalized; an explicit formalization enables us to empiricallyevaluate semantic and processing theories both qualitatively and quantitatively. We thenintroduce the problem of quant...

In this survey article we revisit Hilbert’s 19th problem concerning the regularity of minimizers variational integrals. We first discuss classical theory (that is, statement and resolution in all dimensions). then recent results degenerate convex functionals. Finally, some open problems. Exercises are included for benefit researchers who entering subject.

Alpha-synuclein (a-Syn), a protein implicated in Parkinson disease, contributes significantly to dopamine metabolism. a-Syn binding inhibits the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis. Phosphorylation of TH stimulates its activity, an effect that is reversed by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). In cells, a-Syn overexpression activates PP2A. Here ...

Light has been shown to increase dopamine synthesis and release in vertebrate retinas, but the retinal circuits mediating the light signal are unknown. We utilized three antibodies which recognize phosphorylated forms of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) at serines 19, 31, and 40 to study the effects of light and neuroactive drugs on TH phosphorylation in the rat retina. Phosphorylated TH and total TH ...

‎suppose $n$ is a fixed positive integer‎. ‎we introduce the relative n-th non-commuting graph $gamma^{n} _{h,g}$‎, ‎associated to the non-abelian subgroup $h$ of group $g$‎. ‎the vertex set is $gsetminus c^n_{h,g}$ in which $c^n_{h,g} = {xin g‎ : ‎[x,y^{n}]=1 mbox{~and~} [x^{n},y]=1mbox{~for~all~} yin h}$‎. ‎moreover‎, ‎${x,y}$ is an edge if $x$ or $y$ belong to $h$ and $xy^{n}eq y^{n}x$ or $x...