Cells, the basic structures of all living organisms, reside in an extracellular matrix consisting a complex three-dimensional architecture and interact with neighboring cells both mechanically biochemically. Cell–cell cell–extracellular interactions form network that maintains tissue specificity homeostasis. Important biological processes cell cycle are regulated by principles organized microen...

A critical limitation in the cultivation of cartilage for tissue engineering is the dedifferentiation in chondrocytes, mainly during in vitro amplification. Despite many previous studies investigating the influence of various conditions, no data exist concerning the effects of hypothermia. Our aim has been to influence chondrocyte dedifferentiation in vitro by hypothermic conditions. Chondrocyt...