Many longitudinal studies collect data that have irregular observation times, often requiring the application of linear mixed models with time-varying outcomes. This paper presents an alternative splits quantitative analysis into two steps. The first step converts irregularly observed a set repeated measures through broken stick model. second estimates parameters scientific interest from measur...

Break a stick at random n−1 points to obtain n pieces. We give an explicit formula for the probability that every choice of k segments from this broken can form k-gon, generalizing similar work. The method we use be applied other geometric problems involving sticks, which are part long-standing class recreational with several applications real-world models.

Respiration rate has been used as an indicator of metabolic rate and associated cost of transport (COT) of free-ranging cetaceans, discounting potential respiration-by-respiration variation in O2 uptake. To investigate the influence of respiration timing on O2 uptake, we developed a dynamic model of O2 exchange and storage. Individual respiration events were revealed from kinematic data from 10...

Transition points are common in physiological processes. However the 28 transition between normothermia and hypothermia during haemorrhagic shock has 29 rarely been systematically quantified from intensive time series data. We estimated the 30 critical transition point (CTP) and provided confidence intervals for core body 31 temperature response to acute severe haemorrhage in a conscious rat mo...