Human infertility affects 10–15% of couples, half of which is attributed to the male partner. Abnormal spermatogenesis is a major cause of male infertility. Characterizing the genes involved in spermatogenesis is fundamental to understand the mechanisms underlying this biological process and in developing treatments for male infertility. Although many genes have been implicated in spermatogenes...

We used a single cell RNA-seq strategy to create an atlas of gene expression patterns in the developing kidney. At several stages of kidneydevelopment, histologically uniformpopulationsof cells give rise to multiple distinct lineages. We performed single cell RNA-seq analysis of total mouse kidneys at E11.5 and E12.5, as well as the renal vesicles at P4. We define an early stage of progenitor c...

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INTRODUCTION Gln-1062 (Memogain) is a pharmacologically inactive prodrug of galantamine. Owing to its lipophilic nature, it preferentially enters the brain, where it is cleaved into active galantamine. Gln-1062 is expected to have fewer peripheral side effects than other cholinesterase inhibitors, with improved effectiveness. METHODS This was a double-blind, comparator and placebo-controlled,...

Regeneration requires that the identities of new cells are properly specified to replace missing tissues. The Wnt signaling pathway serves a central role in specifying posterior cell fates during planarian regeneration. We identified a gene encoding a homolog of the Teashirt family of zinc-finger proteins in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea to be a target of Wnt signaling in intact animals ...

the damage of sugarcane whitefly,neomaskellia andropogonic corbett, has recently increased dramatically in sugarcane fields in khuzestan province. in this study, biology of n. andropgonis on four sugarcane commercial cultivars was evaluated under laboratory conditions. in this experiment, the preimaginal development, adult longevity and fecundity were studied in a growth chamber that was set at...

There have been a number of studies about correlations between HLA genotypes in various ethnic groups and occurrence of various cutaneous adverse drug reactions, ranging in intensity from mild to severe, caused by antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). This is the first report analyzing the HLA genotypes of 9 Korean patients with skin rashes induced by various AEDs. The AEDs that induced skin rash were la...