Captive farming of alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus) in China has been used for conservation and harvesting of musk since the mid 1950s. Despite this long history, management practices and captive breeding have been primarily based on trial and error due to lack of behavioral and ecological information about this vulnerable species. Understanding behavioral patterns plays a vital part in det...

to establish the behavioral indicator of reproductive success of female captive alpine musk deer(moschus sifanicus), the focal sampling was used to record the individual behaviors at xinglongshan muskdeer farm (xmdf), gansu province, china. conducted between june 2008 and january 2009, 31 adultfemales were observed, of which 26 had successfully bred in the previous year, and five of which wereb...

To establish the behavioral indicator of reproductive success of female captive Alpine musk deer(Moschus sifanicus), the focal sampling was used to record the individual behaviors at Xinglongshan MuskDeer Farm (XMDF), Gansu province, China. Conducted between June 2008 and January 2009, 31 adultfemales were observed, of which 26 had successfully bred in the previous year, and five of which wereb...

This study was conducted at the XINGLONGSHAN Musk Deer Farm of China from July to September 2008. Results showed that captive male musk deer exhibit aggressive dominance behavior, by which a stable social ranking is established. Generally, there were three types of aggression in agonistic interactions among males: attacking, displacing and threatening. Threatening was more frequently observed t...

Musk deer are highly important as a medicinal species that are severely exploited throughout their range of occurrence due to the medicinal value of the musk produced only by the male individuals. Methods used for studying the populations and distributions of other ungulates do not work well with musk deer and the presence of a unified methodology for studying musk deer appear to be lacking wor...

The forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) is an endangered artiodactyl species. Males have a gland that secretes musk. Musk the raw material for many medicines and has high economic value. In recent years, because of impacts illegal trade habitat fragmentation, wild nearly been driven to extinction, it listed as key protected animal by countries. Since 2002, Chinese government populations firs...

The authenticity of controversial species is a significant challenge for systematic biologists. Moschidae is a small family of musk deer in the Artiodactyla, composing only one genus, Moschus. Historically, the number of species in the Moschidae family has been debated. Presently, most musk deer species were restricted in the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding/adjacent areas, which implied that th...