ammonia is a toxic material for mammalians. it is detoxificated and converted to urea in the urea cycle in liver. each defect in the urea cycle cause increase in blood ammonia level. ornithine transcarbamylase enzyme (otc) is the second enzyme in the urea cycle that exists in mitochondria. otc deficiency is the most common hereditary disorder in the urea cycle. in this study, 45 hyper ammonia p...

The current study was conducted to determine the LC(50) value of ammonia-N as well as the effects of acute exposure to elevated ammonia on the haemolymph osmolality, ionic composition, ammonia-N and pH levels of early juvenile mud crabs, Scylla serrata. The results show that early S. serrata juveniles have a high 96-h LC(50) value of 95.35 mg/L ammonia-N (6.81 mg/L NH(3)-N) or 6.80 mmol/L total...

an in vitro experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplemental non-fiber carbohydrate(nfc) on the disappearance kinetics of cellulose (ce) by mixed ruminal microorganisms. non-supplementedor nfc supplemented cellulose (467 mg nfc/g cellulose as sucrose (cesu) or starch (cest) or a 1:1 mixtureof sucrose + starch (cesust)) were incubated for 24, 48, and 96 h at 39°c. after each incu...

Nitrogen (N) appears to be a limiting dietary resource for elasmobranchs, required not only for protein growth but also for urea-based osmoregulation. Building on recent evidence that the toxicant ammonia can be taken up actively at the gills of the shark and made into the valuable osmolyte urea, we demonstrate that the uptake exhibits classic Michaelis-Menten saturation kinetics with an affini...

how to cite this article: khalessi n, khosravi n, mirjafari m, afsharkhas l. plasma ammonia levels in newborns with asphyxia. iran j child neurol. winter 2016; 10(1):42-46. abstract objective perinatal asphyxia may result in hypoxic damage in various body organs, especially in the central nervous system. it could induce cascade of biochemical events leading to the cell death and metabolic chang...

The rumen typically operates as an energy-limited, nitrogen-excess system, but diets can be so low in degradable crude protein that microbial growth is limited by N. Ruminal bacteria respond differently to N sources and N-limitation. Cellulolytic ruminal bacteria need ammonia as an N source, have little capacity to utilize amino-N, are unable to ferment fiber when ammonia is depleted, and do no...

The objective of this experiment was to determine the capability of ruminant gut tissues to detoxify ammonia-N using short-term incubations of isolated cells in vitro. Ruminal epithelial cells (REC) and duodenal mucosal cells (DMC) were isolated from growing Texel-Polypay ram lambs (n = 4) fed a pelleted forage:concentrate-based diet. Immediately after isolation, primary cells were incubated fo...

In 2004,ammonia concentration in raw water of Sitalakhya River at the eastern periphery of Dhaka was found higher than the expected rate of 4 mg/Lforecasted in feasibility studies,with a value of about 8 mg/L, which could not be removed by conventional treatment chain employed at Dhaka, hence, recentlyan ammonia removal plant has been constructed. This important background has ledto the current...

Background. The decline of submerged plant populations due to high heavy metal (e.g., Cu) levels in sediments and ammonia nitrogen (ammonia-N) accumulation in the freshwater column has become a significant global problem. Previous studies have evaluated the effect of ammonia-N on submerged macrophytes, but few have focused on the influence of sediment Cu on submerged macrophytes and their combi...