Background and Objective: There is a growing concern regarding the lack of new antibiotics, especially for multidrug-resistant bacteria that produce Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs). The present study aims to assess the prevalence of bacteria producing ESBLs, their antimicrobial resistance pattern, and its main determinants among hospitalized patients.Method...

background: aminoglycoside antibiotics are widely used in medical centers, particularly to treat infections. the resistance developed against these agents is a huge concern in health care. a number of researchers have reported that hospital and municipal wastewaters are among the most important dissemination sources of these agent into the environment. some, however, do not agree with this opin...

abstract aims: the increasing usage of antibiotics can cause resistance to the treatment of infections, which can caused by bacteria, e.g. pseudomonas aeruginosa. the aim of this study was to trace the class i, ii and iii integrons in isolates of p. aeruginosa of nosocomial infection and determining the antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacteria. instrument & methods: in this cross-sectional...

background and objectives: hospital surfaces can serve as reservoirs of potential pathogenic bacteria.staff hands are the main source of bacterial transmission in hospital. the prevalence of bacteria harboring β– lactamase enzyme in staff hands and hospital surfaces, leads to spread of β–lactamase producing bacteria and ultimate increase of antibiotic resistance nosocomial infections. the aim o...

OBJECTIVES To assess the molecular epidemiology and prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli causing urinary tract infections of elderly patients from community and hospital settings. Also, to determine whether the possession of antibiotic resistance and virulence-associated genes can be linked to patient location or the clonal group of the organisms in question. METHODS E. col...

OBJECTIVE To analyse trends in antibiotic use in Dutch hospitals over the period 1997 to 2002. METHODS Data on the use of antibiotics and hospital resource indicators were obtained by distributing a questionnaire to all Dutch hospital pharmacies. Antibiotic use was expressed as the number of defined daily doses (DDD) per 100 patient-days and as DDD per 100 admissions. RESULTS Between 1997 a...

OBJECTIVES The optimal duration of antibiotic treatment in patients with bloodstream infections remains contentious, with concerns regarding both undertreatment and the encouragement of antibiotic resistance. In our ICU we traditionally use short-course antibiotic monotherapy as the mainstay of treatment. We sought to document the impact of this strategy on pathogen type, resistance patterns an...

Some isolates of bacteria were taken from various places inside the hospital, including operating theaters,corridors, ventilation areas, floors, and other samples patients suffering antibioticresistance.The study aims to discover multiple resistant present in hospital environment, theextent their resistance, detect gene NDM-1, NDM-2, which when they are present, bacteriaare highly resistant.Whe...