BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diffusion kurtosis is a statistical measure for quantifying the deviation of the water diffusion profile from a Gaussian distribution. The current study evaluated the time course of diffusion kurtosis in patients with cerebral infarctions, including perforator, white matter, cortical, and watershed infarctions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects were 31 patients, representi...

Nitric oxide (NO) appears in the exhaled breath and is a potentially important clinical marker. The accepted model of NO gas exchange includes two compartments, representing the airway and alveolar region of the lungs, but neglects axial diffusion. We incorporated axial diffusion into a one-dimensional trumpet model of the lungs to assess the impact on NO exchange dynamics, particularly the imp...

Introduction: A range of neuropathological changes occur in normal ageing and an important aim of neuroimaging research is to detect these changes in vivo. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures water diffusion in tissue and is used to infer white matter structural integrity. Recent animal studies suggest that neuropathological change can be further elucidated, beyond simple tissue integrity, ...

Received: 13.05.2016; Accepted: 10.08.2016 Fig. 1: (A) Axial T1 weighted MRI demonstrates Mexican hat shaped hypointense signal in pons. (B, C) Axial T2 and FLAIR sequence demonstrates Mexican hat shaped hyperintense signal in pons. (D) DWI demonstrates restricted diffusion in central pons. Fig. 2: (A, B, C) Axial T1 hypointense with T2 and FLAIR hyperintense signal in bilateral basal ganglia. ...

Energy transport in diffusion-wave fields is gradient-driven and therefore diffuse, yielding depth-integrated responses with poor axial resolution. Using matched-filter principles, we propose a methodology enabling these parabolic diffusion-wave energy fields to exhibit energy localization akin to propagating hyperbolic wave fields. This not only improves axial resolution but also allows for de...

Background The spinal cord is a focus of many radiological diagnostics of such debilitating pathologies as multiple sclerosis, amytrophic lateral sclerosis, spondylosis, and post-traumatic injury. Since these disease states differentiate at the cellular level, diffusion-weighted imaging plays an important role due to its sensitivity to tissue microstructure and white matter connectivity. Most s...

Oxygen is an essential part of the living organism. It is transported from blood to the body tissue by the systematic circulation and large part of it is stored in the blood flowing in capillaries. In this work we discuss a mathematical model for oxygen transport in tissues. The governing equations are established assuming that the blood is flowing along a co-axial cylindrical capillary inside ...

Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by facial pain that may be sudden, intense, and recurrent. Our aim was to investigate microstructural tissue changes of the trigeminal nerve in patients with trigeminal neuralgia resulting from neurovascular compression by diffusion tensor imaging, and to test the predictive value of diffusion tensor imaging for determining outcomes after radiofrequency rhi...