Physics with neutrino beams has played a crucial role in establishing the standard model and its structure, specifically in leading to the discovery of weak neutral currents and of their properties. Currently, while the physics of neutrinos gives us the first evidence of physics beyond the standard model, the use of neutrinos as probes appears to be the only way of accessing subtle details of t...

We present a simple and flexible method to generate various vectorial vortex beams (VVBs) with a Pancharatnam phase based on the scheme of double reflections from a single liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM). In this configuration, VVBs are constructed by the superposition of two orthogonally polarized orbital angular momentum (OAM) eigenstates. To verify the optical properties of the ...

Since the first detection of the neutrino at reactors [1] and the discovery of the νμ at the Brookhaven AGS [2], accelerators and reactors have been used to provide intense beams of neutrinos. Over the last 30 years, experiments with neutrino beams have played a major role in shaping the Standard Model of particle physics as it is known today. At present, electroweak theory is more conveniently...

. this paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on shear strength enhancement of reinforced concrete deep beams externally reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (frp) composites. a total of six deep beam specimens of two different classes, as-built (unstrengthened) and retrofitted were tested in the experimental evaluation program. two composite systems namely carbon/epoxy...

background: a dressing often covers the wound to accelerate its healing. hydrocolloid-type dressing to give better conditions for healing has been developed consisting of gelatin, pectin, water and hydrophilic polymer which promote healing. in recent years, much attention has been focused on the research and development of polymer hydrogels as biomaterials, such as contact lenses, wound dressin...

In radiation therapy with high-energy photon beams (E > 10 MeV) neutrons are generated mainly in linacs head thorough (γ,n) interactions of photons with nuclei of high atomic number materials that constitute the linac head and the beam collimation system. These neutrons affect the shielding requirements in radiation therapy rooms and also increase the out-of-field radiation dose of patients und...

Large energy spread of muon beams can be reduced by so-called phase rotation. It requires rather low frequency or long slope in the RF waveform and rather high gradient field against the short muon lifetime. Because such a low frequency high gradient RF cavity is difficult to construct, a high frequency bunching system is proposed. The bunching system located after 100m from a production target...

deep beams are type of beams which their behavior is different from conventional beams because of their particular type of geometry. in this paper, the retrofitting of these beams is considered and 10 deep beams are tested experimentally and discussed about retrofitting methods. experimental studies indicate that the use of cfrp bands in the direction perpendicular to diagonal cracks in compari...

background: the purpose of this paper is to establish an easy and reliable biodosimeter protocol to evaluate the biological effects of proton beams. materials and methods: human peripheral blood lymphocytes were irradiated using proton beams (let: 34.6 kev μm−1), and the chromosome aberrations induced were analyzed using cytokinesis-blocked (cb) micronucleus (mn) assay. to determine the efficie...