This paper provides evidence that the second language orthographic input affects the mental representations of L2 phonology in instructed beginner L2 learners. Previous research has shown that orthographic representations affect monolinguals’ performance in phonological awareness tasks; in instructed L2 learners such representations could also affect pronunciation. This study looked at the phon...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity of measuring grammatical diversity with a specifically designed Lexical Diversity Assessment Tool (LDAT). A secondary objective is to use LDAT to determine if the level of difficulty assigned to English as a Second Language (ESL) texts corresponds to increases in grammatical, lexical, and temporal diversity. Other methods of lexical diversit...

In the manufacturing industry, transfer of knowledge expert is an issue because number experts decreasing. order to support transfer, various systems have been developed. However documenting and determining level system users a concern. This study aims develop technique for extraction user judgement using gaze measurement. these techniques, difference between beginner need be evaluated. this st...

Steps towards the development of a violin teaching aid which is based on violin pedagogy, sound analysis, and comparison of beginner and good player recordings was presented in [1]. The relationship between timbre and playing technique has been explored and five main beginner faults have been determined. Briefly, the tone fault categories are onsets, offsets, amplitude, unevenness and asymmetry...