The relationships between the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of chemicals in fish and their size, as characterized by molecular weight (MW), effective cross sectional diameter (Deff), and maximum diameter (Dmax) have been investigated using an experimental data set of 737 new and 441 existing chemicals monitored by the Japanese Chemical Substances Control Law (CSCL). Substances with BCF > or = 5...

New laws resulting from enactment of the United Nations Stockholm Convention in May 2004 together with the new REACH legislation, have led to significant new activity in the assessment of Persistent, Bioaccumulative, Toxic substances (PBT). Bioconcentration is the process of accumulation of chemicals by organisms through non-dietary routes. The tendency of a substance to bioconcentrate in aquat...

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal for both plants and animals. The presence of Cd in agricultural soils is of great concern regarding its transfer in the soil-plant system. This study investigated the transfer of Cd (exogenous salts) from a wide range of Chinese soils to corn grain (Zhengdan 958). Through multiple stepwise regressions, prediction models were developed, with the combina...

The terms bioaccumulation and bioconcentration refer to the uptake and build-up of chemicals that can occur in living organisms. Experimental measurement of bioconcentration is time-consuming and expensive, and is not feasible for a large number of chemicals of potential regulatory concern. A highly effective tool depending on a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) can be utilize...

A bioconcentration factor (BCF) estimation model for a wide range of nonionic organic compounds was developed on the basis of molecular connectivity indices and polarity correction factors. The nonlinear topological modeling using polarity correction factors resulted in the best BCF estimation quality for all of the 239 compounds studied, with a mean absolute estimation error of 0.478 log units...

Modern chemical legislation requires measuring the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of large numbers of chemicals in fish. The BCF must be corrected for growth dilution, because fish growth rates vary between laboratories. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) that BCFs of multiple chemicals can be measured simultaneously in one experiment, and (2) that internal benchmarking using a conservative test su...

3,4-Dichloroaniline (DCA) showed an unusually high bioconcentration factor (BCF) up to 800 in the sediment dweller Lumbriculus variegatus, exceeding BCFs found in fish and other aquatic organisms by a factor of 8–40. In the scope of the European Risk Assessment process for different aromatic amines, concern was expressed with regards to biomagnification and secondary poisoning of man. Although ...

Worldwide programmes for the regulation of chemicals require an assessment of the risks of chemicals to human and environmental health based on three categories of concern: Persistence, Bioaccumulation and Toxicity (PBT). Among these three categories, bioaccumulation refers to the enrichment of environmental chemicals in organisms. It encompasses the absorption, distribution, metabolism and exc...

Preliminary bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were determined of six tetrachlorobenzyltoluenes (TCBTs) in guppies (Poecilia reticulata). BCFs and rate constants were derived by an iterative integration method. With this method BCFs and rate constants can be derived from experimental data of a bioconcentration test, even if the concentration in the water is not constant and steady state has not be...

the aim of present study was to investigate phytoremediation potential of puccinellia distans (jacq) parl using edta and dtpa and method of decreasing cd- chelating leacing risk. the soil samples spiked with cdcl2. the treatments comprised the following dosages 2.5dtpa, 5dtpa, 2.5edta, 5edta, 2.5edta+2.5dtpa, 2.5edta+5dtpa, 5edta+2.5dtpa, 5edta+5dtpa and control pots were not treated with edta ...