Genetic mechanisms involved in prostate tumor progression from the androgen-responsive to androgen-unresponsive stage are not well understood because of the tremendous heterogeneity in the tumor as well as the lack of suitable models. Using 165 repeat microsatellite DNA markers distributed equally over all of the chromosomes, we determined an association between genetic alterations and androgen...

1010-7940/$ see front matter Q 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2005.04.043 * Corresponding author. Tel.: C81 19 651 5111; fax: C81 19 624 8384. E-mail address: [email protected] (K. Yoshioka). 16-row multi-slice CT clearly demonstrated the artery of Adamkiewicz and its collateral circulation via internal thoracic artery (Figs. 1 and 2). European Journal of Cardi...

Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) is characterized by persistent androgen receptor-driven tumor growth in the apparent absence of systemic androgens. Current evidence suggests that CRPC cells can produce their own androgens from endogenous sterol precursors that act in an intracrine manner to stimulate tumor growth. The mechanisms by which CRPC cells become steroidogenic during tumor pr...

Radioiodine therapy, the most effective form of systemic radiotherapy available, is currently useful only for thyroid cancer because of the thyroid-specific expression of the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS). Here, we explore the efficacy of a novel form of gene therapy using prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) promoter-mediated hNIS gene transfer followed by radioiodine administratio...

This appendix includes material supplementing the manuscript “Survey mode effects on income inequality measurement.” It includes background information in Section 1, an extended description of the methods used in Section 2 as well as robustness checks and additional results in Section 3. JEL Classification: C14, C21, C81, C83, D31

The effects of improving covariate measurement are investigated when the covariate is endogenous even in the absence of measurement error. Reducing measurement error can exacerbate the finite sample bias of Two-Stage Least Squares. An application reveals this is of practical importance. JEL: C36, C81

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a herpes virus that is highly prevalent worldwide and the age at primary infection varies considerably. Exposure to EBV is related to indicators of low socioeconomic status (i.e., overcrowded living conditions and poor sanitation) [1]. In its evaluation of biological agents as human carcinogens, the International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded that there was...

Hydroquinone (HQ) is an effective skin bleaching agent which decreases melanin production by inhibiting tyrosinase. Animal studies have established that HQ may function as a carcinogen directly damaging DNA, and recent study has shown use increases the risk of melanoma nonmelanoma cancers in humans. Daily topical can result accumulation both product its metabolites because dermal absorption mor...

We propose a set of basic properties that any reasonable segregation index should have. We then fully characterize the class of segregation indices that satisfy these basic properties. We show that every such index has a particular simple form. Finally, we show that with one rarely used exception, each index defined in the literature violates one or more of our basic properties. Journal of Econ...