The purpose of the research study is to select the best rice explant and variety for Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation studies. In vitro callus induction and regeneration frequency of two explants i.e. immature embryo and mature grains of 9 rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) was investigated by culturing explants source on N6 media supplemented with 2, 4-D at 2mg/l for callus inductio...

For systematic and genome-wide analyses of rice gene functions, we took advantage of the full-length cDNA overexpresser (FOX) gene-hunting system and generated >12 000 independent FOX-rice lines from >25 000 rice calli treated with the rice-FOX Agrobacterium library. We found two FOX-rice lines generating green calli on a callus-inducing medium containing 2,4-D, on which wild-type rice calli be...

In an effort to design a bioassay to screen for biocontrol pathogens and their toxins, procedures were developed to produce calli of yellow starthistle (YST), Centaurea solstitialis (Asteraceae), on solid and liquid media. Three Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with different hormone additives were compared for their effects on the growth of the YST calli. The most effective medium was made of MS...

To transfer only part of genome, X-ray irradiated suspension cell protoplasts of N. Ian gsdorfii were fused with suspension cell protoplasts of N. glauca by polyethylene glycol. Somatic hybrid calli were selected by the growth in the hormone-free medium. Some of somatic hybrid calli from fusion with irradiated protoplasts indicated the loss of small subunit polypeptide of fraction 1 protein whi...

Mutation in the Arabidopsis thaliana QUASIMODO 1 gene (QUA1), which encodes a putative glycosyltransferase, reduces cell wall pectin content and cell adhesion. Suspension-cultured calli were generated from roots of wild-type (wt) and qua1-1 A. thaliana plants. The altered cell adhesion phenotype of the qua1-1 plant was also found with its suspension-cultured calli. Cell walls of both wt and qua...

The influence of exogenic hormones (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) and kinetin) on defense reaction of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) calli to the bunt agent Tilletia caries (D.C.) Tul. & C. Tul. was studied. ABA and kinetin induced the oxalate oxidase activity, increased the Н2О2 level, decreased germination of fungi teliospores and induced on calli the occurrence of dense sites...

The Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-DNA gene iaaM was introduced by leaf-disc transformation into transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants expressing the iaaH gene. Regenerated calli were screened for the presence of indole-3-acetamide (IAM), by gas chromatography-multiple ion monitoring-mass spectrometry, and IAM-containing calli were further analyzed for free and conjugated indoleacetic acid...

Calli cultures derived from Ruscus aculeatus rhizomes were investigated for their potential to biosynthesize saponins. The capacity of undifferentiated tissues to form steroidal saponins is very limited, but when the calli developed organogenesis, mainly aerial shoots and roots, the saponin production increased significantly. Plantlets regenerated from aerial shoots of Ruscus calli showed a sap...

Abbreviations: EC – embryogenic calli; EFA – esterified fatty acids; FA – fatty acids; FAME – fatty acid methyl ester; FFA – free fatty acid; GC – gas chromatography; GC-MS – gas chromatography and mass spectrometry; HS – hypocotyl segments; HSC – hypocotyl segments with incipient calli formation; LCFA – long-chain fatty acid; MCFA – mediumchain fatty acids; NEC – non-embryogenic calli; PCA – p...

In Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.) calli, free sterol (FS), acylsterol (AS) and glycosylsterol, including the acylated type, were found in the proportion of 1.0:0.1:0.8. When the calli were cultured in the presence of 10 mM mevalonic acid (MVA), the content of AS, but not FS and glycosylsterol, was increased remarkably. The major component sterol in each sterol lipid class was us...