background: the german cockroach, blattella germanica l. (dictyoptera: blattellidae), has become resistant to many insecticides due to control failures in hospital and student dormitory settings of southern iran. objective: this study was thus designed to detect and monitor carbamate resistance in two strains of german cockroach using lethal dose bioassay methods. methods: wild dormitory (d) an...

propoxure (ppx) is a well-known carbamate insecticide, which has been used for several decades in the world and iran in agriculture and public health programs. however, there is no clear investigation toward its immunotoxicity as yet. in this study, we examined the effects of subchronic i.p. exposure of ppx on humoral (pfc & ha) and cellular (dth) responses, and also monitored t-cell subtypes u...

Methomyl (ME) is a carbamate insecticide that causes change in biochemical parameters and affects the oxidative state body through production of free radicals. Herbal medicines deri...

BACKGROUND Highly hazardous organophosphorus (OP) insecticides are responsible for most pesticide poisoning deaths. As they are removed from agricultural practice, they are often replaced by carbamate insecticides of perceived lower toxicity. However, relatively little is known about poisoning with these insecticides. METHODS We prospectively studied 1288 patients self-poisoned with carbamate...

The carbamate compounds are a class of cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides (Farage-Elawar, 1990) and bendiocarb (2, 3-isopropyledene-dioxyphenyl methylcarbamate, BC) is the most widely used carbamate insecticide to control disease vectors (mosquitoes, flies, household and agricultural pests). Like other carbamate insecticides, BC is a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The bl...

We discuss a case of a 17-year-old white male who intentionally ingested a tick and flea insecticide and was admitted to the emergency room unconscious, with signs and symptoms of cholinergic toxicity. Capillary gas chromatography and electron-impact mass fragmentographic analysis of the patient's urine and serum demonstrated the presence of poly-ethylene glycol and propoxur (o-isopropoxyphenyl...

Extraction procedures and analytical methods are described for the quantitation of methomyl, a carbamate insecticide, in autopsy tissue and fluid samples. The analytical results from case work demonstrate the rapid metabolism of methomyl in the body.

Insecticide-based interventions have contributed to ∼78% of the reduction in the malaria burden in sub-Saharan Africa since 2000. Insecticide resistance in malaria vectors could presage a catastrophic rebound in disease incidence and mortality. A major impediment to the implementation of insecticide resistance management strategies is that evidence of the impact of resistance on malaria disease...

Malaria (vector: Anopheles gambiae) is a major infectious disease that kills about 1 million people each year. For the improvement of its treatment and vector control during the past decades, several issues such as high medicine cost, insecticide resistance, and lack of an effective vaccine have prevented adequate control of malaria. Additionally, the low selectivity of malaria vector insectici...

CONTEXT Carbamate insecticides are widely used in commercial agriculture and home gardening. A serious side effect of organophosphate and carbamate intoxication is the development of acute pancreatitis. CASE REPORT A 36-year-old Caucasian woman was admitted to our hospital with cholinergic crisis and pancreatitis soon after the ingestion of a carbamate insecticide (carbofuran). An abdominal C...