This paper reviews the current literature on the estimation of causal peer effects. After a discussion of causality in general, I introduce the standard peer effect model in networks and illustrate the reflection problem. I then present approaches to causal inference with observational data before introducing experimental approaches. I review estimation issues arising from measurement and sampl...

Causal networks (CNs) have been used to construct inference systems for diagnostics and decision making. More recently, Bayesian causal networks (BCNs) and fuzzy causal networks (FCNs) have gained considerable attention and offer an alternative framework for representing structured human knowledge and are used in causal inference in many real-world applications. However, for large systems, it i...