background: most cancer cells become resistant to anti-cancer agents. in the last few years, a new approach for targeted therapy of human cancer has been developed using immunotoxins which comprise both the cell targeting and the cell killing moieties. methods: in the present study, the recombinant shiga toxin a1 subunit fused to human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (a1-gm-csf...

background: zinc has significant effects on structural and functional activities of many proteins and enzymes involved in biological activities, especially the regulation of immune-system. symptoms of zinc toxicity include nausea/vomiting, fever, cough, diarrhea, fatigue, neuropathy, and dehydration. further signs include growth retardation, altered iron function, anemia, copper deficiency, dec...

introduction: cell culture is a process in which the cells ware isolated from original tissue, dispersed in liquid media and then placed in culture plate where the cells adhere together and propagate. today, this method is used for assessment of cell toxicity, its mechanisms and effect of different compounds on intracellular components. methods: clonogenic assay was used for assessment of cell ...

the aim of this investigation was to design and develop nanoemulsions as novel delivery systems for rapamycin. phase behavior of quaternary systems composed of traicetin (as oil), various surfactants and co-surfactants and water at different surfactant/co-surfactant weight ratios were investigated by the construction of phase diagrams. formulations were taken from the o/w ne region of the phase...

the mechanism by which lead may cause a perturbotion in the nevous system is through the nitric oxide synthase. in this study the effect of lead acetate on the hippocampal constitutive nitric oxide production was studied. the variation in the nitric oxide production may contribute to physiological lead neurotoxicity in vivo. different concentrations of lead acetate (10-9 to 10-6 m), wre added t...

background whooping cough is caused by bordetella pertussis, and it remains a public health concern. whole-cell pertussis vaccines have been commonly employed for expanded immunization. there is no doubt of the efficacy of whole cell pertussis vaccine, but it is necessary to improve the vaccine to decrease its toxicity. objectives in this study, an inactivation process of dealing with pertussis...

rifampin, an antibiotic widely used for the treatment of mycobacterial infections, produceshepatic, renal and bone marrow toxicity in human and animals. in this study, the protectiveeffects of vitamin c and n-acetylcysteine (nac) on the toxicity of rifampin on hepg2 cellswere investigated.human hepatoma cells (hepg2) were cultured in 96-well m of rifampin in the presence ofmicroplate and expose...

objective(s): hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and apoptosis have key roles in pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. there are local renin-angiotensin systems (rass) in different tissues such as neural tissue. local rass are involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes such as inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis. this study aimed to investigate the role of local renin-angioten...

introduction: in some intoxicated patients, cerebrospinal fluid (csf) is examined due to the prolonged loss of consciousness, focal neurologic findings, and fever of unknown origin. we aimed to evaluate the probable relationship between the different toxicity causes and the csf indices in poisoned patients and determine if they could predict the patients’ outcome. methods: all patients who had ...

background: magnetite (fe3o4) nanoparticles are currently one of the important and acceptable magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications. to use magnetite nanoparticles for bacteria cell separation, the surface of nanoparticles would be modified for immobilizing of nanoparticles on the surface of bacteria. functionalization of magnetite nanoparticles is performed by different surfactant...