poland is a traditional mining country ranking high in europian mining. a considerable part of polish national-gross-product comes from mineral resources. a large number of the working people work in the mines and related industry. research and educational centers depending on mining are well grown and are of great importance. the major mining commodities of poland are: coal, brown coal copper,...

Implementation of clean mining technology at coal mines is crucial to protect the environment and maintain balance among energy resources, consumption, and ecology. After reviewing present coal clean mining technology, we introduce the technology principles and technological process of paste backfill mining in coal mines and discuss the components and features of backfill materials, the constit...

One of the main concerns of an underground coal mining engineer is the safety and stability of the mine. One way that the safety and stability can be ensured is to know and understand the coal mine geology and how it reacts to the mining process. One technique that has shown a lot of success in the coal mining industry for geologic technical evaluation purposes is the coal mine roof rating (CMR...

OBJECTIVES We examined elevated mortality rates in Appalachian coal mining areas for 1979-2005, and estimated the corresponding value of statistical life (VSL) lost relative to the economic benefits of the coal mining industry. METHODS We compared age-adjusted mortality rates and socioeconomic conditions across four county groups: Appalachia with high levels of coal mining, Appalachia with lo...

Appalachia has higher morbidity and mortality compared to the nation, and suffers greater socioeconomic disadvantages. This article investigates the relationship of coal mining to elevated mortality rates in Appalachia. Total mortality rates for the years 1999–2004 were investigated in a national county-level analysis that included coal mining as the primary independent variable. Counties in Ap...

Surface coal mining has become the ideal method for extracting coal from the Appalachia Mountains. However, surface coal mining generates large amounts of waste which may decrease the water quality in central Appalachia. This research is an attempt to determine whether surface coal mining negatively impacts water quality. This research consists of a literature review in addition to an analysis ...

The prerequisite of maintaining an efficient and safe mining operation is the proper design of a mine by considering all aspects. The first step in a coal mine design is a realistic geometrical modelling of the coal seam(s). The structural features such as faults and folding must be reliably implemented in 3D seam models. Upon having a consistent seam model, the attributes such as calorific val...

OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of coal mining, measured as the number of coal mining-related facilities nearby one's residence or employment in an occupation directly related to coal mining, on self-rated health in Appalachia. METHODS Unadjusted and adjusted ordinal logistic regression models calculated odds ratio estimates and associated 95% confidence intervals for the probability of hav...

The longwall mining method is one of the most applied methods in extracting low-inclined to high-inclined coal seams. Selection of the most suitable extraction equipment is very important in the economical, safety, and productivity aspects of mining operations. There are a lot of parameters affecting the selection of an extraction equipment in mechanized longwall mining in steeply inclined coal...

the gravimetric method is one of the most effective ways for the detection of subsurface structures such as tunnels, faulting, mineral deposits with the required density difference, especially in areas with rough topography and tectonized formations. it is possible to provide a more suitable model for better interpretation of the gravity anomaly. inverse modeling of gravity data is the most eff...