Standby techniques are used to improve system availability. Usually, a k-out-of-n:G standby system is assumed that when an operating component fails, a standby component becomes active and the system is working if at least k components are fault-free. In general, there are three types in component standby, i.e., cold, hot and warm standby. Cold standby implies that inactive components have a ze...

Apart from important but particular cases, such as state-dependent exponential distributions, for example, [1, 4] or an arbitrary repair time distribution [12], the reliability analysis of multiple cold standby systems is far from complete. We present a general reliability analysis of a basic multiple cold standby system attended by a single repairman, henceforth called a K-system. The K-system...

We classify standby redundancy design space in processcontrol programs into the following three categories: cold standby, warm standby, and hot standby. Design parameters of warm standby are identified and the reliability of a system using warm standby is evaluated and compared with that of hot standby. Our analysis indicates that the warm standby scheme is particularly suitable for long-lived ...

Traditionally in redundancy allocation problem (RAP), it is assumed that the redundant components are used based on a predefined active or standby strategies. Recently, some studies consider the situation that both active and standby strategies can be used in a specific system. However, these researches assume that the redundancy strategy for each subsystem can be either active or standby and d...

This paper presents a new fault tolerance scheme suitable for humanoid robot applications. In the future, various tasks ranging from daily chores to safety-related tasks will be carried out by individual humanoid robots. If the importance of the tasks is different, the required dependability will vary accordingly. Therefore, for mobile humanoid robots operating under power constraints, fault to...

Many fielded systems use cold standby redundancy as an effective system design strategy. However, methods for analyzing the reliability of k-out-of-n cold standby systems, particularly with components having age-dependent hazard rates, are limited. In this paper, using the concepts of counting processes, we propose an efficient method to evaluate the reliability of k-out-of-n cold standby syste...

Components in cold-standby state are usually assumed to be as good as new when they are activated. However, even in a standby environment, the components will suffer from performance degradation. This article presents a study of a redundancy allocation problem (RAP) for cold-standby systems with degrading components. The objective of the RAP is to determine an optimal design configuration of co...

Pumping systems are an integral part of water desalination plants, their effective functioning is vital for the operation of a plant. In this research work, the reliability and availability of pressurized pumps in a reverse osmosis desalination plant are studied with the objective of finding configurations that provides optimal performance. Six configurations of a series system with different n...

In this paper, we model a cold standby repairable system with one repairman. Suppose that the system consists of two dissimilar components and one repairman, in which component 1 is the major working unit and component 2 is the cold stand-by unit, component 1 has priority in use and repair; then the repairman takes a single vacation. Under these assumptions , we derive a model of partial differ...

This investigation deals with transient analysis of cold standby system with n units . Chapman-Kolmogorov equations are developed for repair facility with two repairmen and solved by using matrix technique. Availability and reliability factors have been obtained with probability of the system. A particular case has also been discussed.