community is the main pillar of the urban body; and balance of social life in cities depends on preserving communities. during the twentieth century, the idea of residential-centered community has been offered in many modern theories and has been widely accepted for solving urban various problems such as management, social and human relations, health and welfare issues and aspects of meaning an...

community participation, as one of the basic components of sustainable development in a community. this study aimed to determine patterns of community participation, identify factors associated with their social and civic engagement, and examine the relation between the factors and community engagement patterns. patterns of citizen participation were determined in social and civic engagements. ...

extended abstract 1. introduction in recent years, so many countries have paid many attention to tourism as a strategy to make money and benefit for the local communities. many researchers consider tourism an appropriate strategy for economic and social development of developing countries know. despite all the benefits of community-based tourism, in most developing countries, little authority i...

abstract environmental protection is a major concern of the international community. renewable natural resources and to protect the rights of current and future generations of sustainable development was concerned governments and international organizations. sustainable development seeks to balance and compromise between economic, social and environmental. the traditional approach economy brown...

Sustainable development (SD) requires companies to take into account both the social and environmental consequences within their activities. This paper presents research about green supply chain management and highlight the differences between green supply chain and traditional supply chain management. Then, the paper analyses the sources of the risk in green supply chain according to the SD. S...

The major global challenges we are facing today need to be addressed in the multifaceted context of economy, society, environment and technology (ESET). In recent years, the consensus of calling for sustainable development (SD) and implementation has emerged. Alongwith this belief, high added value, knowledge-based, competitive sustainable manufacturing (CSM) has been widely considered as main ...

This paper studies Web-based support systems for sustainable communities. A sustainable community is a community that respects the needs of both nature and future generations. A sustainable community activity is a collaborative process of solving environmental, economic and societal problems. We present an architecture of Web-based support systems for sustainable communities. The architecture i...

1 – introductiontourism is a powerful force of change in the economy in both the developed and in the least developed countries. due to the formation of the concept of sustainable development, tourism industry as well as like other industries has been seeking ways to further alignment with the concept. sustainable tourism as a form of alternative tourism, is seeking to improve the quality of li...

Although in sustainable development field, innovative solutions have been sought worldwide by environmental groups, academia, governments and companies for many years, recently, citizens and communities have emerged as a new group and taken more and more active role in this field. Many scholars call for more research on the role of community and community innovation in sustainable development. ...

in order to achieve sustainable development, nowadays, many countries have been paying attention to bottom-up planning and planning for smallest urban :union:s (residential communities). this paper aims to promote sustainability level of sarab and sajjad residential communities and provide appropriate solutions for promoting quality of these communities. the results related to indicators of the...