surface roughness is a significant parameter which determines the efficiency of optical components. surface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. it is meaningful to rapid evaluate the surface roughness through the measurement of different grinding parameters. in this study, a cup diamond wheel (d64) is used in grinding pr...

This paper describes the methods using bonded cup wheels for grinding toroidal and cylindrical SiC mirrors with large curvature radii. Since the angle between the cutting direction of bonded abrasives and feed direction of the cup wheel is about 90 °, it is possible to obtain a surface with very low surface roughness independent of the direction of measurement. Toroidal mirrors, circular and el...

Grinding is a key physical element in America’s Cup sailing. This study aimed to describe kinematics and muscle activation patterns in relation to torque applied in forward and backward grinding. Ten male America’s Cup sailors (33.6 ̆ 5.7 years, 97.9 ̆ 13.4 kg, 186.6 ̆ 7.4 cm) completed forward and backward grinding on a customised grinding ergometer. In forward grinding peak torque (77 Nm) occ...

Surface roughness is a significant parameter which determines the efficiency of optical components. Surface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. It is meaningful to rapid evaluate the surface roughness through the measurement of different grinding parameters. In this study, a cup diamond wheel (D64) is used in grinding pr...

Surface roughness is a significant parameter which determines the efficiency of optical components. Surface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. It is meaningful to rapid evaluate the surface roughness through the measurement of different grinding parameters. In this study, a cup diamond wheel (D64) is used in grinding pr...

Conventional material removal of BK7 optical glass will normally result in brittle fracture at the surface, generating severe subsurface damage and poor surface finish. Subsurface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. However, through ductile mode grinding it is possible to reduce the surface and subsurface cracks. It is m...

Conventional material removal of BK7 optical glass will normally result in brittle fracture at the surface, generating severe subsurface damage and poor surface finish. Subsurface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. However, through ductile mode grinding it is possible to reduce the surface and subsurface cracks. It is m...

OBJECTIVES The task of grinding sandstone with a 5-inch angle grinder is a major source of exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS), known to cause diseases such as silicosis and lung cancer among workers who work with these materials. A shroud may be a suitable engineering control for this task. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of four commercially availab...

This paper reports ductile or partial ductile mode machining of silicon, glass and some advanced ceramics. Results are presented using scanning electron micrographs of the machined surfaces. Grinding and lapping operations using inexpensive machine tools could produce ductile streaks on surfaces of these brittle materials under good conditions. Manufacture of spherical glass lenses by the fract...