Sir, Worldwide, most multiply antibiotic-resistant (MAR), and particularly carbapenem-resistant, Acinetobacter baumannii causing infections belong to global clone 1 (GC1) or global clone 2 (GC2). Though there have been incidences where a different clonal group was predominantly responsible for an epidemic outbreak, MAR isolates that are not members of these clones have been observed to cause in...

All quasivalues rest on a set of three basic axioms (efficiency, null player, and additivity), which are augmented with positivity for random order values, and with positivity and partnership for weighted values. We introduce the concept of Möbius value associated with a sharing system and show that this value is characterized by the above three axioms. We then establish that (i) a Möbius value...

The modern convex-analytic rendition of the classical welfare theorems characterizes optimal allocations in terms of supporting properties of preferences by nonzero prices. While supporting convex sets in economies with finite dimensional commodity spaces is usually a straightforward application of the separation theorem, it is not that automatic in economies with infinite dimensional commodity...

This note critically evaluates the ‘macro-monetary’ interpretation of Marx’s theory presented by Moseley (2000) in opposition to the traditional view rooted in the early work of Bortkiewicz. The first part argues that the textual evidence from Capital sharply contrasts with the basic premise of Moseley’s interpretation, i.e. the claim that the inputs of constant capital and variable capital ent...

This paper responds to Ravagnani’s critique of my “macro-monetary” interpretation of Marx’s theory. The first section briefly reviews the key points of my interpretation, with special emphasis on the determination of the initial inputs of constant capital and variable capital. The second section replies to Ravagnani’s criticism that my interpretation is subject to a severe “analytical limitatio...

Does ethical differentiation of products affect market behavior? We examined this issue in triopolistic experimental markets where producers set prices. One producer’s costs were higher than the others. In two treatments, the additional costs were attributed to compliance with ethical guidelines. In the third, no justification was provided. Many consumers reduced their experimental gains by pur...

Consistent individual differences in animal performance drive individual fitness under variable environmental conditions and provide the framework through which natural selection can operate. Underlying this concept is the assumption that individuals will display consistent levels of performance in fitness-related traits and interest has focused on individual variation and broad sense repeatabi...

This paper critically analyses the strongly subjectivist approach to exploitation theory recently proposed by Matsuo ([7]), in the context of general convex economies with heterogeneous agents. It is proved that the Fundamental Marxian Theorem is not preserved in his subjectivist approach, contrary to Matsuo’s claims, and that no meaningful subjectivist exploitation index can be constructed. It...