Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) is a common attack in recent years that can deplete the bandwidth of victim nodes by flooding packets. Based on the type and quantity of traffic used for the attack and the exploited vulnerability of the target, DDoS attacks are grouped into three categories as Volumetric attacks, Protocol attacks and Application attacks. The volumetric attack, which the pro...

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have become a large problem for users of computer systems connected to the Internet. DDoS attackers hijack secondary victim systems using them to wage a coordinated large-scale attack against victim systems. As new countermeasures are developed to prevent DDoS attacks and help systems that are victims of such an attack, attackers are constantly devel...

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks is virulent, relatively new type of attacks on the availability of Internet services and resources. DDoS attackers infiltrate large number of computers by exploiting software vulnerabilities, to set up DDoS attack networks. DDoS attacks pose an immense threat to the Internet, therefore some defense systems are required to defend these attacks. In thi...

Although software-defined networking (SDN) brings numerous benefits by decoupling the control plane from the data plane, there is a contradictory relationship between SDN and distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. On one hand, the capabilities of SDN make it easy to detect and to react to DDoS attacks. On the other hand, the separation of the control plane from the data plane of SDN intr...

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have become significant threats on Internet according to the development of network infrastructure and recent communication technology. There are various types of DDoS attacks with different characteristics. These differences have made very difficult to detect such attacks. Furthermore, the sophisticated the evolution of DDoS attacks techniques and t...

In this chapter we discuss Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks in networks such as the Internet, which have become significantly prevalent over the recent years. We explain how DDoS attacks are performed and consider the ideal solution characteristics for defending against the DDoS attacks in the Internet. Then we present different research directions and thoroughly analyse some of the...

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are security attacks that prevent normal use of communication facilities. More and more DDoS attacks are occurring each day. Conventional DDoS attacks are typically based on flooding the server. Currently, other types of DDoS attacks have been observed, such as the mimicry DDoS attack. The mimicry attack is characterized by (1) gradual increase in th...

We present a probabilistic packet filtering (PPF) mechanism to defend the Web server against Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks. To distinguish abnormal traffics from normal ones, we use Traffic Rate Analysis (TRA). If the TRA mechanism detects DDoS attacks, the proposed model probabilistically filters the packets related to the attacks. The simulation results demonstrate that it is u...

DDoS attacks are the process of making the target system non-responsive to the legitimate requests. They were focusing on network and transport layers initially. Now the application layer DDoS attacks are prominent and are most difficult to resolve online. This paper presents a comprehensive study on Botnet-based DDoS attacks on application layer, and the extended incidents of such attacks that...

Distributed Denials of Service (DDoS) attacks have become the daunting problem for businesses, state administrator and computer system users. Prevention and detection of a DDoS attack is a major research topic for researchers throughout the world. As new remedies are developed to prevent or mitigate DDoS attacks, invaders are continually evolving new methods to circumvent these new procedures. ...