diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in the world. strict control of blood sugar, blood pressure, laser therapy, pharmacotherapy and vitrectomy are of among common diabetic retinopathy treatments. further studies to investigate the effect of protein kinase c inhibitors, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, growth hormone and other proposed treatments for diabetic retinopa...

background: the differentiation of infected diabetic foot ulcers (idfu) from non infected diabetic foot ulcers (nidfu) is a challenging issue for clinicians. objectives: recently, procalcitonin (pct) was introduced as a remarkable inflammatory marker. we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of pct in comparison to other inflammatory markers for distinguishing idfu from nidfu. conclusions: these resul...

diabetic foot ulcer (dfu) is considered as one of the main causes of hospitalization in diabetic patients, which can lead to infection, gangrene, amputation, and even death if the necessary care is not provided. based on the recent investigations, one of the most effective tactics to manage diabetic foot ulcer is to form a multidisciplinary team including a general practitioner, a nurse, an edu...

objective(s):diabetic nephropathy is an important long-term complication of diabetes mellitus which appears to be partially mediated by an increase in secretion of transforming growth factor-β (tgf-β). fibromodulin, the small leucine-rich proteoglycan, has been proposed to be the potent tgfβ1 modulator. in this study, the therapeutic effects of recombinant adenoviral vectors expressing fibromod...

macular edema following diabetic retinopathy is one of the ocular complications associated with diabetes, and it is the leading cause of visual loss in the active young and middle aged population in developed countries. while all patients with diabetes particularly those with diabetic retinopathy are at increased risk of developing eye complications, early detection and timely intervention may ...

objective: level of serum homocysteine is remarkably common among patients with moderate to sever renal failure. we assessed whether serum homocysteine concentrations were correlated with proteinuria in overt diabetic nephropathy. materials and methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out on 45 patients (29 males, 16 females) with overt proteinuria. all subjects had type 2 diabetes. data in...

background: due to the increasing number of stressful life events among the elderly and the rapid spread of diabetes among them, the present study compared the stressful life events of diabetic elderly with those of non-diabetic elderly. materials and methods: this descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 senior citizens of over 60 years of age (120 diabetic patients and 120 non-...

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