BACKGROUND Over the years, a plethora of frailty assessment tools has been developed. These instruments can be basically grouped into two types of conceptualizations - unidimensional, based on the physical-biological dimension - and multidimensional, based on the connections among the physical, psychological, and social domains. At present, studies on the comparison between uni- and multidimens...

Indicator dilution technique is more widely used during cardiac catheterization for the diagnosis and rough estimate of the size of intracardiac shunts and valvular regurgitation (Korner and Shillingford, 1955; Fox and Wood, 1957; Swan and Wood, 1957; Woodward et al., 1957; Shillingford, 1958; Carter et al., 1959; Carleton et al., 1960; Jose et al., 1960). Evans blue dye (T-1824) has long been ...

ONE of the main problems in the use of continuously recorded dye dilution curves has been the calibration of the obtained curves. Methods involving measurements from the "tail" of the dilution curve are often inaccurate because in this portion of the curve the concentration of dye is low. Other methods of calibration involve determinations from a sample of blood withdrawn before or after the di...