This paper models uctuations in regional disaggregates as a nonstationary, dynamically evolving distribution. Doing so enables study of the dynamics of aggregate uctuations jointly with those of the rich cross-section of regional disaggregates. For the US, the leading state| regardless of which it happens to be|contains strong predictive power for aggregate uctuations. This e ect is di cult to ...

Geographic information systems (GIS) have developed in response to a range of needs, and provide highly structured environments for working with particular classes of information. The environment and structure of a GIS is defined by its data model; the paper reviews the basic data models of GIS. The needs of discrete transportation modeling have led to a number of extensions of the basic data m...

Many contemporaneously aggregated variables have stochastic aggregation weights. We compare different forecasts for such variables including univariate forecasts of the aggregate, a multivariate forecast of the aggregate that uses information from the disaggregate components, a forecast which aggregates a multivariate forecast of the disaggregate components and the aggregation weights, and a fo...

Based on a time-varying factor-augmented vector autoregression, we demonstrate that the propagation mechanism of monetary policy disturbances differs across disaggregate components of personal consumption expenditures. While many disaggregate prices rise temporarily in response to a monetary tightening in the early part of the sample, there is no evidence of a price puzzle at the aggregate leve...

Qualitative survey data are used widely to provide indicators of economic activity ahead of the publication of official data. Traditional indicators exploit only aggregate survey information, namely the proportions of respondents who report “up” and “down”. This paper considers disaggregate or firm-level survey responses. It derives alternative disaggregate indicators of economic activity relat...

BACKGROUND Although researchers have explored associations between mixed-use development and physical activity, few have examined the influence of specific land uses. PURPOSE This study analyzes how the accessibility, intensity, and diversity of nonresidential land uses are related to walking for transportation. METHODS Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate associations be...

Demand information is an input for a great deal of operations research models. Assumed as given in many problem instances addressed in the literature, demand data are di cult to generate. In this tutorial, we provide an introduction to disaggregate demand models that are designed to capture in detail the underlying behavioral mechanisms at the foundation of the demand.

We investigate the issue of whether there was a stable money demand function for Japan in 1990's using both aggregate and disaggregate time series data. The aggregate data appears to support the contention that there was no stable money demand function. The disaggregate data shows that there was a stable money demand function. Neither was there any indication of the presence of liquidity trap. ...