We describe three recombinant engineered antibodies against three recombinant epitope tags, constructed with divalent binding arms to recognize divalent epitopes and so achieve high affinity and specificity. In two versions, an epitope is inserted in tandem into a protein of interest, and a homodimeric antibody is constructed by fusing a high-affinity epitope-binding domain to a human or mouse ...

PURPOSE Bispecific antibody (bsMAb) pretargeting procedures use divalent hapten-peptides to stabilize the binding of the hapten-peptide on tumor cells by a process known as the affinity enhancement system. The goal of this study was to determine if a divalent hapten-peptide could induce apoptosis by cross-linking bsMAb bound to CD20. METHODS Three forms of bsMAbs were prepared by coupling the...

In most experimental systems, phagocytosis of bacteria by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN's) is interrupted by divalent cation chelation with Na2H2EDTA.1" This has led to the assumption that divalent cations are required for phagocytosis.' Phagocytic systems, in fact, measure the end result of a complex sequence of events which include interaction of the bacterium with plasma proteins of both...

Vitamin K deficiency or administration of vitamin K antagonists results in the biosynthesis of abnormal des-’y-carboxy forms of the vitamin K-dependent proteins. Monoclonal antibody H-i 1 binds several vitamin K-dependent proteins at a determinant that includes the first two residues of ‘y-carboxyglutamic acid. Antibody H-i 1 binds fully carboxylated prothrombin and protein C in the presence of...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to prepare chimeric antihuman CD22 tetravalent monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with high functional affinity, long persistence in the circulation, increased antitumor activity, and conserved effector function in vitro. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We investigated the association/dissociation rates of these tetravalent antibodies using CD22(+) Daudi lymphoma cells. We...

Objective(s): Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections such as keratitis are considered among the major health problems worldwide due to the complexity of pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance crisis, thus, finding new effective approaches for prevention and treatment of the infections seem to be still vital. In this report, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of topical administration of...

Vitamin K deficiency or administration of vitamin K antagonists results in the biosynthesis of abnormal des-gamma-carboxy forms of the vitamin K-dependent proteins. Monoclonal antibody H-11 binds several vitamin K-dependent proteins at a determinant that includes the first two residues of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid. Antibody H-11 binds fully carboxylated prothrombin and protein C in the presenc...

Identification of cell surface molecules that play a role in cell-cell adhesion (here called cell adhesion molecules) has been achieved by demonstrating the inhibitory effect of univalent antibodies that bind these molecules in an in vitro assay of cell-cell adhesion. A more convenient reagent, intact (divalent) antibody, has been avoided because it might agglutinate the cells rather than block...

DR4 (Death Receptor 4) and DR5 (Death Receptor 5) are two potential targets for cancer therapy due to their ability to trigger apoptosis of cancer cells, but not normal ones, when activated by their cognate ligand TRAIL (TNF related apoptosis-inducing ligand). Therapies based on soluble recombinant TRAIL or agonist antibodies directed against one of the receptors are currently under clinical tr...