not long ago, city gates and entryways had high spatial value and were among the landmarks for marking city boundaries. today with cities having been expanded and developed, such aspect of the entrance concept is lost and entryways are turned to passages for transportation. in fact, the rich spatial value of such entrances has decreased as they are solely spaces for passing through out or into ...

Not long ago, city gates and entryways had high spatial value and were among the landmarks for marking city boundaries. Today with cities having been expanded and developed, such aspect of the entrance concept is lost and entryways are turned to passages for transportation. In fact, the rich spatial value of such entrances has decreased as they are solely spaces for passing through out or into ...

Combining insights from the history of citizenship with contemporary legal analysis, this article both highlights and problematizes what we may call sorting strategies – restrictive closure selective openness which rely on ‘varieties affluence’ (income, wealth, equity, credit, like) in shaping possibilities for entry, settlement, naturalization. By emphasizing growing significance income barrie...

p eyer's patches have been thought of as areas of weakness in the intestinal wall since they were first noted in hog intestine used as casings for sausages (1). Butchers noted little bulging areas of decreased tensile strength in some regions of the casings, which were attributed to hogs swallowing too much air. These intestinal "glands" were mentioned by Hippocrates, and in 1677, Johann Conrad...

    Abstract   Extended Oligopoly models will be introduced and examined in which the firms might face capacity limits, thresholds for minimal and maximal moves, and antitrust thresholds in the case of partial cooperation. Similar situation occurs when there is an additional cost of output adjustment, which is discontinuous at zero due to set-up costs. In these cases the payoff functions of the...