Reading fiction is a major component of intellectual life, yet it has proven difficult to study experimentally. One aspect of literature that has recently come to light is perspective embedding ("she thought I left" embedding her perspective on "I left"), which seems to be a defining feature of fiction. Previous work (Whalen et al., 2012) has shown that increasing levels of embedment affects th...

Experiments have shown that compared to fictional texts, readers read factual texts faster and have better memory for described situations. Reading fictional texts on the other hand seems to improve memory for exact wordings and expressions. Most of these studies used a "newspaper" vs. "literature" comparison. In the present study, we investigated the effect of reader's expectation to whether i...

fictional names have been one of the most important and serious topics in the contemporary philosophy of language and metaphysics.several questions such as “do fictional names refer to any objects?” “are fictional characters existent objects?” have resulted in a considerable literature of philosophy. in this essay, we will follow two objectives. first we will describe and elaborate the ideas ...

literary fiction can be criticized and analyzed through different approaches and literary schools. meanwhile, the most attention has been devoted to realism, as the most important and permanent intellectual concern of many writers. iranian modern literary fiction has shown its affection to realism from the beginning, and most of iranian writers have tried to illustrate the social-political situ...

fictional literature has experiencedan increasing and stunning growthof women writers in the past two decades. in terms of quality and quantity, theincrease was to the extent that nowadays women’s names are mentioned sometimeseven more than men’s amongthe distinguished writers ofcontemporary iranianliterature. on the other hand, these authors have often chosen the novel astheir main literary fo...

The increasing use of computational modeling and simulation methods offers interesting epistemic and theoretical challenges for the philosophy of science. One of the main questions discussed in the philosophical literature relates to the explanatory role of false, unrealistic and sometimes even fictional models. In this paper we argue that (i) some fictional models can offer explanations known ...

Fictional materials are commonly used in the classroom to teach course content. Both laboratory experiments and classroom demonstrations illustrate the benefits of using fiction to help students learn accurate information about the world. However, fictional sources often contain factually inaccurate content, making them a potent vehicle for learning misinformation about the world. We briefly re...